महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-1, chapter-57, verse-62
कन्यात्वे दूषिते चापि कथं शक्ष्ये द्विजोत्तम ।
गन्तुं गृहं गृहे चाहं धीमन्न स्थातुमुत्सहे ।
एतत्संचिन्त्य भगवन्विधत्स्व यदनन्तरम् ॥६२॥
गन्तुं गृहं गृहे चाहं धीमन्न स्थातुमुत्सहे ।
एतत्संचिन्त्य भगवन्विधत्स्व यदनन्तरम् ॥६२॥
62. kanyātve dūṣite cāpi kathaṁ śakṣye dvijottama ,
gantuṁ gṛhaṁ gṛhe cāhaṁ dhīmanna sthātumutsahe ,
etatsaṁcintya bhagavanvidhatsva yadanantaram.
gantuṁ gṛhaṁ gṛhe cāhaṁ dhīmanna sthātumutsahe ,
etatsaṁcintya bhagavanvidhatsva yadanantaram.
62.
kanyātve dūṣite ca api katham śakṣye
dvijottama gantum gṛham gṛhe ca aham
dhīman na sthātum utsahe etat
saṃcintya bhagavan vidhatsva yat anantaram
dvijottama gantum gṛham gṛhe ca aham
dhīman na sthātum utsahe etat
saṃcintya bhagavan vidhatsva yat anantaram
62.
O best among the twice-born, even if my maidenhood is defiled, how will I be able to go home? And, O wise one, I cannot bear to stay at home either. Therefore, O revered one, considering all this, please arrange what should happen next.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कन्यात्वे (kanyātve) - if my maidenhood (in maidenhood, in the state of a maiden)
- दूषिते (dūṣite) - is defiled (being defiled, having been blemished)
- च (ca) - even (in combination with api) (and, also)
- अपि (api) - even (emphasizes the condition) (even, also, too)
- कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)
- शक्ष्ये (śakṣye) - will I be able (I shall be able)
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among the twice-born (O best of twice-born, O excellent Brahmin)
- गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to move
- गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house
- गृहे (gṛhe) - at home (in the house, at home)
- च (ca) - either (in a negative context: not this and not that) (and, also)
- अहम् (aham) - I
- धीमन् (dhīman) - O wise one (O wise one, O intelligent one)
- न (na) - not, no
- स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stay (to stand, to stay, to remain)
- उत्सहे (utsahe) - I can bear (I endeavor, I dare, I am able)
- एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the whole situation) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
- संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - considering all this (having thought well, having considered)
- भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (O revered one, O Lord)
- विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - please arrange (do, arrange, ordain!)
- यत् (yat) - what (which, what (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
- अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - next (next, immediately after, subsequently)
Words meanings and morphology
कन्यात्वे (kanyātve) - if my maidenhood (in maidenhood, in the state of a maiden)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kanyātva
kanyātva - maidenhood, virginity, state of being a maiden
from kanyā + -tva (abstract noun suffix)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'dūṣite'.
दूषिते (dūṣite) - is defiled (being defiled, having been blemished)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of dūṣita
dūṣita - defiled, corrupted, spoiled, injured
past passive participle
from root dūṣ
Root: dūṣ
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'kanyātve'.
च (ca) - even (in combination with api) (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even (emphasizes the condition) (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
Note: Often used post-positive.
कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb.
शक्ष्ये (śakṣye) - will I be able (I shall be able)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of śak
Root: śak (class 5)
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among the twice-born (O best of twice-born, O excellent Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), excellent Brahmin
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya), a bird, a tooth
noun (masculine)
Root: jan - uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
adjective (masculine)
Note: Refers to the sage.
गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to move
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Expresses purpose or capability.
गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling, abode
Note: Object of 'gantum'.
गृहे (gṛhe) - at home (in the house, at home)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling, abode
Note: Expresses location.
च (ca) - either (in a negative context: not this and not that) (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the phrase 'gantum gṛham' with the next clause 'aham... utsahe'.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
Note: Subject of 'utsahe'.
धीमन् (dhīman) - O wise one (O wise one, O intelligent one)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dhīmat
dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful, sagacious
from dhī + -mat
Note: Refers to the sage.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'utsahe'.
स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stay (to stand, to stay, to remain)
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Expresses purpose or capability.
उत्सहे (utsahe) - I can bear (I endeavor, I dare, I am able)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ut-sah
Prefix: ud
Root: sah (class 1)
एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the whole situation) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, here
Note: Object of 'saṃcintya'.
संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - considering all this (having thought well, having considered)
(indeclinable)
absolutiv
from root cint with prefix sam- and suffix -ya
Prefix: sam
Root: cint (class 10)
Note: Denotes a prior action.
भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (O revered one, O Lord)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat
bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, divine, lord, venerable
Root: bhaj
Note: Used as a respectful address to the sage.
विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - please arrange (do, arrange, ordain!)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vi-dhā
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: The middle voice suggests the action is for one's own benefit or consequence.
यत् (yat) - what (which, what (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who, whichever
Note: Object of 'vidhatsva'.
अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - next (next, immediately after, subsequently)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anantara
anantara - without interval, immediate, next, subsequent
Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (an+antara)
- an – not, un-, without
indeclinable
negative prefix - antara – interior, interval, difference, space
noun (neuter)
Note: Functions adverbially here.