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1,57

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-62

कन्यात्वे दूषिते चापि कथं शक्ष्ये द्विजोत्तम ।
गन्तुं गृहं गृहे चाहं धीमन्न स्थातुमुत्सहे ।
एतत्संचिन्त्य भगवन्विधत्स्व यदनन्तरम् ॥६२॥
62. kanyātve dūṣite cāpi kathaṁ śakṣye dvijottama ,
gantuṁ gṛhaṁ gṛhe cāhaṁ dhīmanna sthātumutsahe ,
etatsaṁcintya bhagavanvidhatsva yadanantaram.
62. kanyātve dūṣite ca api katham śakṣye
dvijottama gantum gṛham gṛhe ca aham
dhīman na sthātum utsahe etat
saṃcintya bhagavan vidhatsva yat anantaram
62. O best among the twice-born, even if my maidenhood is defiled, how will I be able to go home? And, O wise one, I cannot bear to stay at home either. Therefore, O revered one, considering all this, please arrange what should happen next.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • कन्यात्वे (kanyātve) - if my maidenhood (in maidenhood, in the state of a maiden)
  • दूषिते (dūṣite) - is defiled (being defiled, having been blemished)
  • (ca) - even (in combination with api) (and, also)
  • अपि (api) - even (emphasizes the condition) (even, also, too)
  • कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)
  • शक्ष्ये (śakṣye) - will I be able (I shall be able)
  • द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among the twice-born (O best of twice-born, O excellent Brahmin)
  • गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to move
  • गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house
  • गृहे (gṛhe) - at home (in the house, at home)
  • (ca) - either (in a negative context: not this and not that) (and, also)
  • अहम् (aham) - I
  • धीमन् (dhīman) - O wise one (O wise one, O intelligent one)
  • (na) - not, no
  • स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stay (to stand, to stay, to remain)
  • उत्सहे (utsahe) - I can bear (I endeavor, I dare, I am able)
  • एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the whole situation) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
  • संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - considering all this (having thought well, having considered)
  • भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (O revered one, O Lord)
  • विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - please arrange (do, arrange, ordain!)
  • यत् (yat) - what (which, what (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
  • अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - next (next, immediately after, subsequently)

Words meanings and morphology

कन्यात्वे (kanyātve) - if my maidenhood (in maidenhood, in the state of a maiden)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kanyātva
kanyātva - maidenhood, virginity, state of being a maiden
from kanyā + -tva (abstract noun suffix)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'dūṣite'.
दूषिते (dūṣite) - is defiled (being defiled, having been blemished)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of dūṣita
dūṣita - defiled, corrupted, spoiled, injured
past passive participle
from root dūṣ
Root: dūṣ
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'kanyātve'.
(ca) - even (in combination with api) (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even (emphasizes the condition) (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
Note: Often used post-positive.
कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb.
शक्ष्ये (śakṣye) - will I be able (I shall be able)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of śak
Root: śak (class 5)
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among the twice-born (O best of twice-born, O excellent Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), excellent Brahmin
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
  • dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya), a bird, a tooth
    noun (masculine)
    Root: jan
  • uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
    adjective (masculine)
Note: Refers to the sage.
गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to move
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Expresses purpose or capability.
गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling, abode
Note: Object of 'gantum'.
गृहे (gṛhe) - at home (in the house, at home)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling, abode
Note: Expresses location.
(ca) - either (in a negative context: not this and not that) (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the phrase 'gantum gṛham' with the next clause 'aham... utsahe'.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
Note: Subject of 'utsahe'.
धीमन् (dhīman) - O wise one (O wise one, O intelligent one)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dhīmat
dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful, sagacious
from dhī + -mat
Note: Refers to the sage.
(na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'utsahe'.
स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stay (to stand, to stay, to remain)
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Expresses purpose or capability.
उत्सहे (utsahe) - I can bear (I endeavor, I dare, I am able)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ut-sah
Prefix: ud
Root: sah (class 1)
एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the whole situation) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, here
Note: Object of 'saṃcintya'.
संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - considering all this (having thought well, having considered)
(indeclinable)
absolutiv
from root cint with prefix sam- and suffix -ya
Prefix: sam
Root: cint (class 10)
Note: Denotes a prior action.
भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (O revered one, O Lord)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat
bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, divine, lord, venerable
Root: bhaj
Note: Used as a respectful address to the sage.
विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - please arrange (do, arrange, ordain!)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vi-dhā
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: The middle voice suggests the action is for one's own benefit or consequence.
यत् (yat) - what (which, what (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who, whichever
Note: Object of 'vidhatsva'.
अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - next (next, immediately after, subsequently)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anantara
anantara - without interval, immediate, next, subsequent
Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (an+antara)
  • an – not, un-, without
    indeclinable
    negative prefix
  • antara – interior, interval, difference, space
    noun (neuter)
Note: Functions adverbially here.