महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-45

तमपश्यदथायान्तं श्येनं श्येनस्तथापरः ।
अभ्यद्रवच्च तं सद्यो दृष्ट्वैवामिषशङ्कया ॥४५॥

45. tamapaśyadathāyāntaṁ śyenaṁ śyenastathāparaḥ ,
abhyadravacca taṁ sadyo dṛṣṭvaivāmiṣaśaṅkayā.

45. tam apaśyat atha āyāntam śyenam śyenaḥ tathā aparaḥ
abhyadravat ca tam sadyaḥ dṛṣṭvā eva āmiṣa-śaṅkayā

45. Then, another hawk saw that hawk coming and immediately rushed towards it, suspecting it had prey.

45. נץ אחר ראה אותו מגיע, ומיד התנפל עליו, כי חשב לפי מראהו שהוא נושא בשר.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that hawk (him, that)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (saw, beheld)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming (coming, approaching)

• श्येनम् (śyenam) - hawk (hawk, eagle)

• श्येनः (śyenaḥ) - hawk (hawk, eagle)

• तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, also, similarly)

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another (hawk) (other, another, different)

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - rushed towards (rushed towards, attacked)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - that (first) hawk (him, that)

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once, promptly)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• एव (eva) - just (after) (indeed, just, only)

• आमिष-शङ्कया (āmiṣa-śaṅkayā) - suspecting it had prey (with a suspicion of meat/prey)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that hawk (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the first hawk mentioned implicitly or previously.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

root of dṛś-paś (class 4) for present/imperfect stems

Root: dṛś (class 4)

Note: Derived from the root dṛś, but the stem used is paś.

अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming (coming, approaching)

(nominal form)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyāt

āyāt - coming, approaching

present participle

present participle of ā-yā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śyenam' (the first hawk).

श्येनम् (śyenam) - hawk (hawk, eagle)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śyena

śyena - hawk, eagle, falcon

Note: Object of 'apaśyat'.

श्येनः (śyenaḥ) - hawk (hawk, eagle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śyena

śyena - hawk, eagle, falcon

Note: Subject of 'apaśyat' and 'abhyadravat'.

तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, also, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'aparaḥ śyenaḥ'.

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another (hawk) (other, another, different)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, subsequent

Note: Qualifies 'śyenaḥ'.

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - rushed towards (rushed towards, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dru

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: "abhi" is the preverb, "a" is the augment for imperfect tense.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (first) hawk (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'abhyadravat'.

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once, promptly)

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

absolutive of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - just (after) (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the immediacy of the action.

आमिष-शङ्कया (āmiṣa-śaṅkayā) - suspecting it had prey (with a suspicion of meat/prey)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of āmiṣa-śaṅkā

āmiṣa-śaṅkā - suspicion of meat or prey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āmiṣa+śaṅkā)

• āmiṣa – meat, flesh, prey, object of desire
  noun (neuter)
• śaṅkā – suspicion, doubt, fear
  noun (feminine)

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