महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-78

स धर्ममाहूय पुरा महर्षिरिदमुक्तवान् ।
इषीकया मया बाल्यादेका विद्धा शकुन्तिका ॥७८॥

78. sa dharmamāhūya purā maharṣiridamuktavān ,
iṣīkayā mayā bālyādekā viddhā śakuntikā.

78. saḥ dharmam āhūya purā maharṣiḥ idam uktavān
iṣīkayā mayā bālyāt ekā viddhā śakuntikā

78. Having formerly summoned Dharma, the great sage Māṇḍavya said this: 'In my childhood, I once pierced a small bird with a blade of grass.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (the sage Aṇīmāṇḍavya) (he, that)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - Dharma (the god of justice) (Dharma, righteousness, duty)

• आहूय (āhūya) - having summoned (having called, having summoned)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, once (formerly, anciently, in olden times)

• महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - the great sage (Aṇīmāṇḍavya) (great sage, venerable seer)

• इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this)

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - said (he said, he spoke, having spoken)

• इषीकया (iṣīkayā) - with a blade of grass (with a blade of grass, by a stalk)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• बाल्यात् (bālyāt) - during childhood (from childhood, in childhood)

• एका (ekā) - one (single) (one, a single)

• विद्धा (viddhā) - pierced (pierced, wounded, struck)

• शकुन्तिका (śakuntikā) - a small bird

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (the sage Aṇīmāṇḍavya) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मम् (dharmam) - Dharma (the god of justice) (Dharma, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, justice, virtue, religion, custom; god of justice

action noun

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आहूय (āhūya) - having summoned (having called, having summoned)

(indeclinable participle)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, once (formerly, anciently, in olden times)

(indeclinable)

महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - the great sage (Aṇīmāṇḍavya) (great sage, venerable seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, venerable seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - said (he said, he spoke, having spoken)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

past passive participle

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect active participle acting as a finite verb.

इषीकया (iṣīkayā) - with a blade of grass (with a blade of grass, by a stalk)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of iṣīkā

iṣīkā - a blade of grass, stalk, arrow

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

बाल्यात् (bālyāt) - during childhood (from childhood, in childhood)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bālya

bālya - childhood, infancy, childishness

from bāla (child)

Note: Ablative used adverbially for 'during childhood'.

एका (ekā) - one (single) (one, a single)

(numeral)

विद्धा (viddhā) - pierced (pierced, wounded, struck)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

past passive participle

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śakuntikā.

शकुन्तिका (śakuntikā) - a small bird

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakuntikā

śakuntikā - a small bird, female bird

diminutive of śakunta