महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-31

वसन्तमिन्द्रप्रासादे आकाशे स्फाटिके च तम् ।
उपतस्थुर्महात्मानं गन्धर्वाप्सरसो नृपम् ।
राजोपरिचरेत्येवं नाम तस्याथ विश्रुतम् ॥३१॥

31. vasantamindraprāsāde ākāśe sphāṭike ca tam ,
upatasthurmahātmānaṁ gandharvāpsaraso nṛpam ,
rājoparicaretyevaṁ nāma tasyātha viśrutam.

31. vasantam indraprāsāde ākāśe sphāṭike
ca tam upatasthuḥ mahātmānam
gandharvāpsarasaḥ nṛpam rājoparicara
iti evam nāma tasya atha viśrutam

31. Gandharvas and Apsaras attended upon that great-souled king, who resided in Indra's crystal palace in the sky. His name then became widely known as 'Raja Uparicara'.

Words meanings summery:

• वसन्तम् (vasantam) - while dwelling (describing the king) (dwelling, residing)

• इन्द्रप्रासादे (indraprāsāde) - in Indra's palace

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

• स्फाटिके (sphāṭike) - made of crystal, crystal-like

• च (ca) - and

• तम् (tam) - referring to the king (him, that)

• उपतस्थुः (upatasthuḥ) - they approached, served, attended upon

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - Referring to the king, highlighting his noble and magnanimous character. (the great-souled one)

• गन्धर्वाप्सरसः (gandharvāpsarasaḥ) - Celestial beings who served the king. (Gandharvas and Apsaras)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - The monarch being served. (the king)

• राजोपरिचर (rājoparicara) - The proper name of the king. (King Uparicara)

• इति (iti) - Quotation marker, indicating the preceding word is a name. (thus, so)

• एवम् (evam) - Reinforces that the name became known in this particular way. (thus, in this manner)

• नाम (nāma) - name

• तस्य (tasya) - of the king (his, of him)

• अथ (atha) - Indicates a sequence of events, 'subsequently'. (then, thereupon, now)

• विश्रुतम् (viśrutam) - renowned, famous, well-known

Words meanings and morphology

वसन्तम् (vasantam) - while dwelling (describing the king) (dwelling, residing)

(verbal_participle)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' and 'nṛpam'.

इन्द्रप्रासादे (indraprāsāde) - in Indra's palace

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of indraprāsāda

indraprāsāda - Indra's palace, a divine mansion

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+prāsāda)

• indra – Indra (chief of the gods)
  noun (masculine)
• prāsāda – palace, mansion, lofty building
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pra-sad (to become clear, gracious), indicating a grand, prominent structure.
  Root: sad (class 1)

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

Note: Specifies the location of the palace.

स्फाटिके (sphāṭike) - made of crystal, crystal-like

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sphāṭika

sphāṭika - crystal, crystalline, made of crystal

Derived from 'sphāṭika' (crystal).

Note: Qualifies 'indraprāsāde'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the descriptions of the palace and its location.

तम् (tam) - referring to the king (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Object of 'upatasthuḥ'.

उपतस्थुः (upatasthuḥ) - they approached, served, attended upon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of upasthā

Root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'upa' (near). Perfect tense.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - Referring to the king, highlighting his noble and magnanimous character. (the great-souled one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, noble
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' and 'nṛpam'.

गन्धर्वाप्सरसः (gandharvāpsarasaḥ) - Celestial beings who served the king. (Gandharvas and Apsaras)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharvāpsaras

gandharvāpsaras - Gandharvas and Apsaras (as a collective group)

Dvandva compound of 'gandharva' and 'apsaras'.

Compound type : dvandva (gandharva+apsaras)

• gandharva – celestial musician, a class of demigods
  noun (masculine)
• apsaras – celestial nymph, dancer
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'upatasthuḥ'.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - The monarch being served. (the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector), meaning 'protector of men'.

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'upatasthuḥ'.

राजोपरिचर (rājoparicara) - The proper name of the king. (King Uparicara)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājoparicara

rājoparicara - King Uparicara (a proper name)

Compound of 'rājan' (king) and 'uparicara' (moving above, hovering, due to his ability to move in the sky).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+uparicara)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• uparicara – moving above, hovering
  adjective (masculine)
  agent_noun
  From the root 'car' (to move) with the adverb 'upari' (above).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Part of the quoted name.

इति (iti) - Quotation marker, indicating the preceding word is a name. (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - Reinforces that the name became known in this particular way. (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

Note: Subject of 'viśrutam'.

तस्य (tasya) - of the king (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Qualifies 'nāma'.

अथ (atha) - Indicates a sequence of events, 'subsequently'. (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

विश्रुतम् (viśrutam) - renowned, famous, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viśruta

viśruta - famous, renowned, well-heard

past_participle

Past passive participle of the root 'śru' (to hear) with the prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'nāma'.