महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-27, verse-87

सुवीरकं याच्यमाना मद्रका कषति स्फिजौ ।
अदातुकामा वचनमिदं वदति दारुणम् ॥८७॥

87. suvīrakaṁ yācyamānā madrakā kaṣati sphijau ,
adātukāmā vacanamidaṁ vadati dāruṇam.

87. suvīrakam yācyamānā madrakā kaṣati sphijau
adātukāmā vacanam idam vadati dāruṇam

87. madrakā suvīrakam yācyamānā sphijau kaṣati
adātukāmā idam dāruṇam vacanam vadati

87. When implored for the fragrant powder (suvīraka), the Madra woman rubbed her buttocks. Unwilling to part with it, she spoke these harsh words.

Words meanings summery:

• सुवीरकम् (suvīrakam) - a type of fragrant powder, a pleasant thing

• याच्यमाना (yācyamānā) - being begged, being implored, being asked for

• मद्रका (madrakā) - a woman from the Madra country, a Madra woman

• कषति (kaṣati) - she rubs, she scratches, she scrapes

• स्फिजौ (sphijau) - her two buttocks, her hips

• अदातुकामा (adātukāmā) - unwilling to give, not wishing to give

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वदति (vadati) - she speaks, she says

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - harsh, terrible, cruel

Words meanings and morphology

सुवीरकम् (suvīrakam) - a type of fragrant powder, a pleasant thing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suvīraka

suvīraka - fragrant powder, a pleasant thing

Note: Object of yācyamānā.

याच्यमाना (yācyamānā) - being begged, being implored, being asked for

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yācyamāna

yācyamāna - being begged, being implored, being asked for

present passive participle

From root yāc (to beg, ask) + passive marker -ya + present participle suffix -māna.

Root: yāc (class 1)

मद्रका (madrakā) - a woman from the Madra country, a Madra woman

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madrakā

madrakā - a woman from the Madra country, a Madra woman

Feminine form of madraka.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कषति (kaṣati) - she rubs, she scratches, she scrapes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kaṣ

present active

Root kaṣ (to rub, scratch, scrape), Class 1, laṭ-lakāra, parasmaidipi.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

स्फिजौ (sphijau) - her two buttocks, her hips

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of sphij

sphij - buttock, hip

Note: Object of kaṣati.

अदातुकामा (adātukāmā) - unwilling to give, not wishing to give

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adātukāma

adātukāma - unwilling to give, not wishing to give

Compound of a (not) + dātu (to give, infinitive stem) + kāma (desiring). Feminine form adātukāmā.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dātu+kāma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• dātu – to give
  indeclinable
  infinitive stem
  Infinitive stem from root dā.
  Root: dā (class 3)
• kāma – desiring, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of vadati.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

वदति (vadati) - she speaks, she says

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vad

present active

Root vad (to speak), Class 1, laṭ-lakāra, parasmaidipi.

Root: vad (class 1)

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - harsh, terrible, cruel

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - harsh, terrible, cruel, dreadful