महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-27, verse-17

तथा प्रहृष्टे सैन्ये तु प्लवमानं महारथम् ।
विकत्थमानं समरे राधेयमरिकर्शनम् ।
मद्रराजः प्रहस्येदं वचनं प्रत्यभाषत ॥१७॥

17. tathā prahṛṣṭe sainye tu plavamānaṁ mahāratham ,
vikatthamānaṁ samare rādheyamarikarśanam ,
madrarājaḥ prahasyedaṁ vacanaṁ pratyabhāṣata.

17. tathā prahṛṣṭe sainye tu plavamānam
mahāratham vikatthamānam samare
rādheyam arikārśanam madrarājaḥ
prahasya idam vacanam pratyabhāṣata

17. tathā prahṛṣṭe sainye tu madrarājaḥ
samare plavamānam vikatthamānam
arikārśanam rādheyam idam
vacanam prahasya pratyabhāṣata

17. But while the army was thus greatly delighted, the King of Madras (Śalya) laughed loudly and spoke these words in reply to Karna (the son of Rādhā), the tormentor of enemies, who was boasting and leaping about in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - when (the army was) thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• प्रहृष्टे (prahṛṣṭe) - greatly delighted (delighted, joyful, excited)

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• प्लवमानम् (plavamānam) - leaping (in enthusiasm), boastful (leaping, floating, boasting)

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great warrior (great warrior, owner of a great chariot)

• विकत्थमानम् (vikatthamānam) - loudly boasting (boasting, bragging, praising oneself)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna (the son of Rādhā) (Karna (son of Rādhā))

• अरिकार्शनम् (arikārśanam) - the tormentor of enemies (tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes)

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the King of Madras (Śalya) (the king of the Madras)

• प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed loudly (having laughed, having laughed loudly)

• इदम् (idam) - these (this, these)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, statement)

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke in reply (spoke in return, replied)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - when (the army was) thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

प्रहृष्टे (prahṛṣṭe) - greatly delighted (delighted, joyful, excited)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, excited, gladdened

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root hṛṣ (to be glad) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies sainye

सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, troops

Derived from senā (army)

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

प्लवमानम् (plavamānam) - leaping (in enthusiasm), boastful (leaping, floating, boasting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of plavamāna

plavamāna - floating, swimming, leaping, soaring, boasting

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root plu (to float, swim, leap)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Modifies rādheyam/mahāratham

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great warrior (great warrior, owner of a great chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand archers, owner of a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karna

विकत्थमानम् (vikatthamānam) - loudly boasting (boasting, bragging, praising oneself)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikatthamāna

vikatthamāna - boasting, bragging, praising oneself

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root katth (to praise oneself, boast) with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: katth (class 1)

Note: Modifies rādheyam/mahāratham

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna (the son of Rādhā) (Karna (son of Rādhā))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā (an epithet for Karna)

Derived from Rādhā with the patronymic suffix -eya

अरिकार्शनम् (arikārśanam) - the tormentor of enemies (tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arikārśana

arikārśana - tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+kārśana)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• kārśana – making lean, emaciating, tormenting, distressing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root kṛś (to be thin, to weaken)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies rādheyam

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the King of Madras (Śalya) (the king of the Madras)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madras (a specific kingdom), Salya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja)

• madra – name of a country and its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed loudly (having laughed, having laughed loudly)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root has (to laugh) with upasarga pra- and suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - these (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these (referring to what is near or present)

Note: Refers to vacana

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke in reply (spoke in return, replied)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratibhāṣ

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)