महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-27, verse-14

ता वाचः सूतपुत्रस्य तथा युक्ता निशम्य तु ।
दुर्योधनो महाराज प्रहृष्टः सानुगोऽभवत् ॥१४॥

14. tā vācaḥ sūtaputrasya tathā yuktā niśamya tu ,
duryodhano mahārāja prahṛṣṭaḥ sānugo'bhavat.

14. tāḥ vācaḥ sūtaputrasya tathā yuktāḥ niśamya tu
duryodhanaḥ mahārāja prahr̥ṣṭaḥ sānugaḥ abhavat

14. mahārāja tu sūtaputrasya tathā yuktāḥ tāḥ vācaḥ
niśamya duryodhanaḥ sānugaḥ prahr̥ṣṭaḥ abhavat

14. O great king, having heard those appropriate words of Karna, the son of Sūta, Duryodhana became greatly delighted along with his followers.

Words meanings summery:

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

• सूतपुत्रस्य (sūtaputrasya) - of Karna, who was adopted by a charioteer (sūta) (of the son of Sūta, of Karna)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, in that manner

• युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - joined, endowed, appropriate, suitable, spoken

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, on the other hand

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• महाराज (mahārāja) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• प्रह्र्̥ष्टः (prahr̥ṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, overjoyed, very joyful

• सानुगः (sānugaḥ) - with his followers, accompanied by attendants

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

Words meanings and morphology

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: Object of 'niśamya'.

सूतपुत्रस्य (sūtaputrasya) - of Karna, who was adopted by a charioteer (sūta) (of the son of Sūta, of Karna)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (Sūta), Karna

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, in that manner

(indeclinable)

युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - joined, endowed, appropriate, suitable, spoken

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, engaged, appropriate, fit, equipped, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj'

Root: yuj (class 7)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root 'śam' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Used as a gerund or absolutive.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

प्रह्र्̥ष्टः (prahr̥ṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, overjoyed, very joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahr̥ṣṭa

prahr̥ṣṭa - greatly delighted, overjoyed, very joyful

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hṛṣ' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for Duryodhana.

सानुगः (sānugaḥ) - with his followers, accompanied by attendants

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sānuga

sānuga - accompanied by followers, with attendants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anuga)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• anuga – follower, attendant
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for Duryodhana.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)