महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-90

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच ।
प्रतिज्ञाय वधं जिष्णो पुरा भीष्मस्य संयुगे ।
क्षत्रधर्मे स्थितः पार्थ कथं नैनं हनिष्यसि ॥९०॥

90. śrīkṛṣṇa uvāca ,
pratijñāya vadhaṁ jiṣṇo purā bhīṣmasya saṁyuge ,
kṣatradharme sthitaḥ pārtha kathaṁ nainaṁ haniṣyasi.

90. śrīkṛṣṇaḥ uvāca pratijñāya vadham jiṣṇo purā bhīṣmasya
saṃyuge kṣatradharme sthitaḥ pārtha katham na enam haniṣyasi

90. śrīkṛṣṇaḥ uvāca: jiṣṇo pārtha! purā saṃyuge bhīṣmasya vadham pratijñāya,
kṣatradharme sthitaḥ (san),
katham enam na haniṣyasi?

90. Śrī Kṛṣṇa said: "O Victorious One (Arjuna), you who have previously sworn to slay Bhīṣma in battle, and who abide by the warrior's natural law (dharma), O son of Pṛthā, how can you now refuse to kill him?"

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीकृष्णः (śrīkṛṣṇaḥ) - Śrī Kṛṣṇa

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having vowed, having promised

• वधम् (vadham) - slaying, death

• जिष्णो (jiṣṇo) - Addressed to Arjuna (O Victorious One)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

• क्षत्रधर्मे (kṣatradharme) - in the warrior's natural law (dharma), in the duty of a kṣatriya

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - abiding, situated, standing

• पार्थ (pārtha) - Addressed to Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā)

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• न (na) - not, no

• एनम् (enam) - Referring to Bhīṣma (him)

• हनिष्यसि (haniṣyasi) - you will kill

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीकृष्णः (śrīkṛṣṇaḥ) - Śrī Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīkṛṣṇa

śrīkṛṣṇa - Lord Kṛṣṇa, the glorious Kṛṣṇa

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+kṛṣṇa)

• śrī – glory, prosperity, divine radiance
  noun (feminine)
• kṛṣṇa – Kṛṣṇa, black, dark
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having vowed, having promised

(indeclinable)

root 'jñā' with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: absolutive form

वधम् (vadham) - slaying, death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, death

जिष्णो (jiṣṇo) - Addressed to Arjuna (O Victorious One)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of jiṣṇu

jiṣṇu - victorious, triumphant, an epithet of Arjuna

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

क्षत्रधर्मे (kṣatradharme) - in the warrior's natural law (dharma), in the duty of a kṣatriya

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - the duty or natural law (dharma) of a kṣatriya (warrior)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior class, dominion, rule
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - abiding, situated, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, stayed, situated, abiding

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

पार्थ (pārtha) - Addressed to Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), an epithet of Arjuna

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Referring to Bhīṣma (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

हनिष्यसि (haniṣyasi) - you will kill

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

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