महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-12

ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा मन्त्रयित्वा चिरं नृप ।
वासुदेवं समुद्वीक्ष्य वाक्यमेतदुवाच ह ॥१२॥

12. tato yudhiṣṭhiro rājā mantrayitvā ciraṁ nṛpa ,
vāsudevaṁ samudvīkṣya vākyametaduvāca ha.

12. tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ rājā mantrayitvā ciram nṛpa
vāsudevam samudvīkṣya vākyam etat uvāca ha

12. nṛpa tataḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ciram mantrayitvā
vāsudevam samudvīkṣya etat vākyam ha uvāca

12. Thereafter, O king, King Yudhishthira, having deliberated for a long time, looked towards Vasudeva (Krishna) and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence of events (then, thereafter, from there)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - King Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

• राजा (rājā) - referring to Yudhishthira (king)

• मन्त्रयित्वा (mantrayitvā) - after the deliberation mentioned in the previous verse (having deliberated, having consulted)

• चिरम् (ciram) - Yudhishthira deliberated for an extended period (for a long time, long)

• नृप (nṛpa) - vocative, addressing the listener of the narration (e.g., Janamejaya) (O king)

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - referring to Krishna, Yudhishthira's advisor (Vasudeva, Krishna)

• समुद्वीक्ष्य (samudvīkṣya) - Yudhishthira looked towards Krishna (having looked at, having observed, having surveyed)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - the specific statement Yudhishthira is about to make (speech, words, sentence, statement)

• एतत् (etat) - referring to the upcoming statement (this)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira spoke (he said, he spoke)

• ह (ha) - emphatic particle (indeed, verily, certainly)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence of events (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb from 'tad' (that).

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - King Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle (yudhi sthira); proper noun: Yudhishthira

Compound of yudhi (in battle) and sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-saptamī-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight, war
  noun (feminine)
  Locative form used here is 'yudhi'.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, unmoving
  adjective (masculine)
  From √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राजा (rājā) - referring to Yudhishthira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Appositive to 'yudhiṣṭhiraḥ'.

मन्त्रयित्वा (mantrayitvā) - after the deliberation mentioned in the previous verse (having deliberated, having consulted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from denominative verb mantray- + -itvā suffix.

Root: mantr (class 10)

चिरम् (ciram) - Yudhishthira deliberated for an extended period (for a long time, long)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

नृप (nṛpa) - vocative, addressing the listener of the narration (e.g., Janamejaya) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector, from √pā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Locative form used here is 'nṛṇām'.
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - referring to Krishna, Yudhishthira's advisor (Vasudeva, Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Krishna

Patronymic from Vasudeva.

Note: Object of 'samudvīkṣya'.

समुद्वीक्ष्य (samudvīkṣya) - Yudhishthira looked towards Krishna (having looked at, having observed, having surveyed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from sam-ud-√īkṣ + -ya suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - the specific statement Yudhishthira is about to make (speech, words, sentence, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, statement, words

From vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

एतत् (etat) - referring to the upcoming statement (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'vākyam'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - emphatic particle (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)