महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-24

यदि तेऽहमनुग्राह्यो भ्रातृभिः सह केशव ।
स्वधर्मस्याविरोधेन तदुदाहर केशव ॥२४॥

24. yadi te'hamanugrāhyo bhrātṛbhiḥ saha keśava ,
svadharmasyāvirodhena tadudāhara keśava.

24. yadi te aham anugrāhyaḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ saha keśava
| svadharmasya avirodhena tat udāhara keśava

24. keśava yadi aham bhrātṛbhiḥ saha te anugrāhyaḥ (asmi),
(tarhi) svadharmasya avirodhena tat udāhara,
keśava

24. O Keśava, if I and my brothers are to receive your favor, then please tell me what to do, provided it is not in conflict with my own inherent duty (svadharma).

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• ते (te) - "by you" in a passive construction (by you, for you, to you, your)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - to be favored, to be shown grace, worthy of grace

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - "with brothers" (used with 'saha') (by brothers, with brothers)

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• केशव (keśava) - Krishna (addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira) (O Keśava (an epithet of Krishna))

• स्वधर्मस्य (svadharmasya) - of one's own duty (dharma), of one's intrinsic nature

• अविरोधेन (avirodhena) - without opposition, without conflict, without hindrance

• तत् (tat) - "that" (referring to the advice requested) (that, therefore, what)

• उदाहर (udāhara) - "please tell" (an instruction or request) (declare, tell, speak, illustrate)

• केशव (keśava) - Krishna (addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira) (O Keśava (an epithet of Krishna))

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - "by you" in a passive construction (by you, for you, to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you (singular or plural)

Note: In passive constructions with a gerundive (anugrāhyaḥ), the agent is in the dative or instrumental. Here, dative.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - to be favored, to be shown grace, worthy of grace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anugrāhya

anugrāhya - to be favored, to be treated kindly, worthy of grace, deserving of favor

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root 'grah' with prefix 'anu' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: anu

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Derived from root grah (to seize, grasp) with prefix anu (after, along) and kṛtya suffix.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - "with brothers" (used with 'saha') (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Used with 'saha' which generally takes the instrumental.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Preposition/adverb.

केशव (keśava) - Krishna (addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira) (O Keśava (an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - having beautiful hair; an epithet of Krishna

From 'keśa' (hair) + '-va' (possessing).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (keśa+va)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• va – possessing, belonging to
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix indicating possession or relation.

स्वधर्मस्य (svadharmasya) - of one's own duty (dharma), of one's intrinsic nature

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own duty, inherent nature, specific law or principle

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma' (duty, natural law).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, conduct, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)

अविरोधेन (avirodhena) - without opposition, without conflict, without hindrance

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avirodha

avirodha - absence of opposition, non-conflict, harmony

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'virodha' (opposition).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+virodha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• virodha – opposition, conflict, hindrance
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'rudh' with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

तत् (tat) - "that" (referring to the advice requested) (that, therefore, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that thing, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'udāhara'.

उदाहर (udāhara) - "please tell" (an instruction or request) (declare, tell, speak, illustrate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of udāhṛ

Imperative mood

2nd person singular, imperative mood, Parasmaipada. Root 'hṛ' with prefixes 'ud' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

केशव (keśava) - Krishna (addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira) (O Keśava (an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - having beautiful hair; an epithet of Krishna

From 'keśa' (hair) + '-va' (possessing).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (keśa+va)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• va – possessing, belonging to
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix indicating possession or relation.

Note: Repetition for emphasis.