महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-48

स नो जयस्य दाता च मन्त्रस्य च धृतव्रतः ।
बालाः पित्रा विहीनाश्च तेन संवर्धिता वयम् ॥४८॥

48. sa no jayasya dātā ca mantrasya ca dhṛtavrataḥ ,
bālāḥ pitrā vihīnāśca tena saṁvardhitā vayam.

48. saḥ naḥ jayasya dātā ca mantrasya ca dhṛtavrataḥ
bālāḥ pitrā vihīnāḥ ca tena saṃvardhitāḥ vayam

48. saḥ naḥ jayasya mantrasya ca dātā dhṛtavrataḥ
ca vayam pitrā vihīnāḥ bālāḥ tena saṃvardhitāḥ

48. He (Bhishma) is the giver of victory and counsel to us, steadfast in his vows. We, children bereft of our father, were raised by him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Bhishma. (he, that)

• नः (naḥ) - To the Pandavas (speaker Yudhishthira). (to us, our)

• जयस्य (jayasya) - of victory

• दाता (dātā) - giver, bestower

• च (ca) - and, also

• मन्त्रस्य (mantrasya) - Of counsel. (of counsel, of advice, of a sacred utterance (mantra))

• च (ca) - and, also

• धृतव्रतः (dhṛtavrataḥ) - Bhishma (famous for his terrible vow). (one who has undertaken vows, steadfast in vows)

• बालाः (bālāḥ) - The Pandavas when young. (children, boys, immature ones)

• पित्रा (pitrā) - By their father (Pandu). (by the father)

• विहीनाः (vihīnāḥ) - Bereft of their father. (deprived, destitute, bereft)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेन (tena) - By Bhishma. (by him)

• संवर्धिताः (saṁvardhitāḥ) - We were brought up by him. (nourished, raised, brought up)

• वयम् (vayam) - The Pandavas (speaker is Yudhishthira). (we)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Bhishma. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नः (naḥ) - To the Pandavas (speaker Yudhishthira). (to us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form, here used in dative sense ('to us') or genitive ('our').

जयस्य (jayasya) - of victory

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

From root √ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

दाता (dātā) - giver, bestower

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, bestower, donor

Agent noun

From root √dā (to give) + -tṛ suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रस्य (mantrasya) - Of counsel. (of counsel, of advice, of a sacred utterance (mantra))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - counsel, advice, sacred text, incantation (mantra)

From root √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धृतव्रतः (dhṛtavrataḥ) - Bhishma (famous for his terrible vow). (one who has undertaken vows, steadfast in vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtavrata

dhṛtavrata - one who has kept/undertaken a vow; firm in vows

Bahuvrihi compound: dhṛta (held, kept) + vrata (vow). 'One for whom a vow is held'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+vrata)

• dhṛta – held, borne, kept
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

बालाः (bālāḥ) - The Pandavas when young. (children, boys, immature ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, immature

पित्रा (pitrā) - By their father (Pandu). (by the father)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

विहीनाः (vihīnāḥ) - Bereft of their father. (deprived, destitute, bereft)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihīna

vihīna - deprived of, destitute of, deficient in

Past Passive Participle

From vi- (away) + √hā (to abandon, quit)

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with bālāḥ and vayam.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - By Bhishma. (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संवर्धिताः (saṁvardhitāḥ) - We were brought up by him. (nourished, raised, brought up)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃvardhita

saṁvardhita - nourished, raised, brought up, fostered

Past Passive Participle

From sam- (together, completely) + √vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वयम् (vayam) - The Pandavas (speaker is Yudhishthira). (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

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