महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-25

एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचस्तस्य कारुण्याद्बहुविस्तरम् ।
प्रत्युवाच ततः कृष्णः सान्त्वयानो युधिष्ठिरम् ॥२५॥

25. etacchrutvā vacastasya kāruṇyādbahuvistaram ,
pratyuvāca tataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ sāntvayāno yudhiṣṭhiram.

25. etat śrutvā vacaḥ tasya kāruṇyāt bahuvistaram |
pratyuvāca tataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ sāntvayānaḥ yudhiṣṭhiram

25. tataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ tasya bahuvistaram etat vacaḥ kāruṇyāt śrutvā,
yudhiṣṭhiram sāntvayānaḥ प्रत्युवाच

25. Having heard those extensive words of his, Krishna, then, out of compassion, replied while consoling Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - "these" (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's words) (this, this one)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• तस्य (tasya) - "his" (Yudhiṣṭhira's) (his, of him, of that)

• कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - from compassion, out of compassion

• बहुविस्तरम् (bahuvistaram) - very extensive, very detailed, elaborate

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Lord Krishna (Krishna (dark-skinned, a name of Vishnu/Krishna))

• सान्त्वयानः (sāntvayānaḥ) - comforting, consoling

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - "these" (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's words) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'śru' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, utterance

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Object of the absolutive 'śrutvā'.

तस्य (tasya) - "his" (Yudhiṣṭhira's) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - from compassion, out of compassion

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāruṇya

kāruṇya - compassion, pity, mercy

From 'karuṇā' (compassion) with suffix '-ya'.

Note: Indicates the cause or reason.

बहुविस्तरम् (bahuvistaram) - very extensive, very detailed, elaborate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvistara

bahuvistara - very extensive, detailed, copious, elaborate

Compound of 'bahu' (much, many) and 'vistara' (extent, detail).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+vistara)

• bahu – much, many, great
  adjective
• vistara – extension, breadth, detail, prolixity
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'stṛ' (to spread) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of prativac

Perfect tense (liṭ)

3rd person singular, perfect indicative, Parasmaipada. Root 'vac' with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time/sequence.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Lord Krishna (Krishna (dark-skinned, a name of Vishnu/Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black; an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

सान्त्वयानः (sāntvayānaḥ) - comforting, consoling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāntvayāna

sāntvayāna - comforting, consoling, appeasing

Present Active Participle (Atmanepada)

From causal of root 'sāntv' (to console) with 'śānac' suffix.

Root: sāntv (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; a name of the eldest Pāṇḍava

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) and 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)