महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-14

न चैवैनं महात्मानमुत्सहामो निरीक्षितुम् ।
लेलिह्यमानं सैन्येषु प्रवृद्धमिव पावकम् ॥१४॥

14. na caivainaṁ mahātmānamutsahāmo nirīkṣitum ,
lelihyamānaṁ sainyeṣu pravṛddhamiva pāvakam.

14. na ca eva enam mahātmānam utsahāmaḥ nirīkṣitum
lelihyamānam sainyeṣu pravṛddham iva pāvakam

14. ca na eva enam mahātmānam sainyeṣu pravṛddham
pāvakam iva lelihyamānam nirīkṣitum utsahāmaḥ

14. And indeed, we do not even dare to look at him, the great-souled one, as he devours the armies, like a mighty, blazing fire.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - negation of the verb 'utsahāmaḥ' (not, no)

• च (ca) - connecting this statement with the previous one (and, also)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing the inability to look at Bhishma (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• एनम् (enam) - referring to Bhishma (him, this one)

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - an adjective for Bhishma, acknowledging his greatness (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

• उत्सहामः (utsahāmaḥ) - Yudhishthira (speaking on behalf of the Pandavas) states their inability to face Bhishma (we are able, we dare, we endeavor)

• निरीक्षितुम् (nirīkṣitum) - to face Bhishma's onslaught (to look at, to observe, to face, to behold)

• लेलिह्यमानम् (lelihyamānam) - Bhishma is metaphorically devouring the armies like fire (licking, devouring, consuming)

• सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - Bhishma is destroying Yudhishthira's forces (among the armies, in the troops)

• प्रवृद्धम् (pravṛddham) - describing the fire as intensely blazing and powerful (greatly increased, grown, mighty, strong)

• इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

• पावकम् (pāvakam) - part of the simile, Bhishma is compared to a fire (fire, purifier)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - negation of the verb 'utsahāmaḥ' (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - connecting this statement with the previous one (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizing the inability to look at Bhishma (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - referring to Bhishma (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun, used anaphorically.

Note: Object of 'nirīkṣitum'.

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - an adjective for Bhishma, acknowledging his greatness (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, (referring to) a great person (mahātman)

Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (self/soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of mahant. Used as the first part of compounds.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, principle of life (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'enam'.

उत्सहामः (utsahāmaḥ) - Yudhishthira (speaking on behalf of the Pandavas) states their inability to face Bhishma (we are able, we dare, we endeavor)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of utsah

From ut-√sah (to bear, endure).

Prefix: ut

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Subjects are implied (we, the Pandavas and our army).

निरीक्षितुम् (nirīkṣitum) - to face Bhishma's onslaught (to look at, to observe, to face, to behold)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From nis-√īkṣ (to look at, survey). Formed with -tum suffix.

Prefix: nis

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

लेलिह्यमानम् (lelihyamānam) - Bhishma is metaphorically devouring the armies like fire (licking, devouring, consuming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lelihyamāṇa

lelih - to lick, to devour, to consume (intensive)

Intensive Present Middle Participle

Reduplicated intensive stem of √lih (to lick), with present middle participle suffix -māna.

Root: lih (class 2)

Note: The intensive form 'lelih' emphasizes the repeated or intense action of licking/devouring.

सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - Bhishma is destroying Yudhishthira's forces (among the armies, in the troops)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - relating to an army, military; an army, troops

From senā (army).

Note: Indicates the sphere of action of 'lelihyamānam'.

प्रवृद्धम् (pravṛddham) - describing the fire as intensely blazing and powerful (greatly increased, grown, mighty, strong)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - greatly increased, grown, mighty, powerful, thriving

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√vṛdh (to grow, increase).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Describes the fire.

इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

पावकम् (pāvakam) - part of the simile, Bhishma is compared to a fire (fire, purifier)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, purifier, clean, pure

From √pū (to purify) + -aka suffix.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison.