महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-21

क्षयं नीतोऽस्मि वार्ष्णेय राज्यहेतोः पराक्रमी ।
भ्रातरश्चैव मे शूराः सायकैर्भृशपीडिताः ॥२१॥

21. kṣayaṁ nīto'smi vārṣṇeya rājyahetoḥ parākramī ,
bhrātaraścaiva me śūrāḥ sāyakairbhṛśapīḍitāḥ.

21. kṣayam nītaḥ asmi vārṣṇeya rājyahetoḥ parākramī
bhrātaraḥ ca eva me śūrāḥ sāyakaiḥ bhṛśapīḍitāḥ

21. vārṣṇeya aham parākramī rājyahetoḥ kṣayam nītaḥ asmi
ca eva me śūrāḥ bhrātaraḥ sāyakaiḥ bhṛśapīḍitāḥ

21. O descendant of Vrishni (Vārṣṇeya), though I am valiant, I have been led to ruin for the sake of the kingdom. And my brave brothers are greatly afflicted by arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - to ruin, destruction (object of 'nītaḥ') (ruin, destruction, loss)

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - brought to (ruin) (led, brought, taken, reduced)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O Krishna (as a descendant of Vrishni) (O descendant of Vrishni)

• राज्यहेतोः (rājyahetoḥ) - for the sake of kingdom, due to the kingdom

• पराक्रमी (parākramī) - though valiant (I am) (valiant, powerful, mighty)

• भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• मे (me) - my, to me

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroic

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows

• भृशपीडिताः (bhṛśapīḍitāḥ) - greatly distressed, severely afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - to ruin, destruction (object of 'nītaḥ') (ruin, destruction, loss)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, loss, decrease, end

नीतः (nītaḥ) - brought to (ruin) (led, brought, taken, reduced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, brought, taken, reduced

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root √nī (to lead, carry).

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I) and forms a compound verb with 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

Present tense, 1st person singular, active voice from root √as (2nd class).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb forming a passive perfect construction with 'nītaḥ'.

वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O Krishna (as a descendant of Vrishni) (O descendant of Vrishni)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - descendant of Vrishni (a Yadava clan, often refers to Krishna)

Derived from Vṛṣṇi, clan name. Pronominal derivative.

Note: Addressed to Krishna.

राज्यहेतोः (rājyahetoḥ) - for the sake of kingdom, due to the kingdom

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rājyahetu

rājyahetu - cause of kingdom, for the sake of kingdom

Compound: rājya (kingdom) + hetu (cause).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājya+hetu)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, rule
  noun (neuter)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive, means
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used with the sense of 'for the sake of'.

पराक्रमी (parākramī) - though valiant (I am) (valiant, powerful, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parākramin

parākramin - valiant, powerful, courageous, mighty

Derived from parākrama (valor).

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I).

भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Subject of the second clause.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'and'.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I

Note: Possessive.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic, hero, warrior

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātaraḥ'.

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart, missile

Note: Means by which they are afflicted.

भृशपीडिताः (bhṛśapīḍitāḥ) - greatly distressed, severely afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhṛśapīḍita

bhṛśapīḍita - greatly distressed, severely afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Compound: bhṛśa (very, greatly) + pīḍita (afflicted). Pīḍita is PPP of root √pīḍ.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+pīḍita)

• bhṛśa – much, excessive, greatly, severely
  indeclinable
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root √pīḍ.
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātaraḥ'.