महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-61, verse-18

अश्वग्रीव इति ख्यातः सत्त्ववान्यो महासुरः ।
रोचमान इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥१८॥

18. aśvagrīva iti khyātaḥ sattvavānyo mahāsuraḥ ,
rocamāna iti khyātaḥ pṛthivyāṁ so'bhavannṛpaḥ.

18. aśvagrīvaḥ iti khyātaḥ sattvavān yaḥ mahāsuraḥ
rocamānaḥ iti khyātaḥ pṛthivyām saḥ abhavat nṛpaḥ

18. That powerful great Asura, renowned as Aśvagrīva, became a king on Earth, known as Rocamāna.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वग्रीवः (aśvagrīvaḥ) - Aśvagrīva (proper name of the Asura) (Aśvagrīva (proper name, 'horse-necked'))

• इति (iti) - as (thus, so, denoting quotation or designation)

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known (known, famous, mentioned)

• सत्त्ववान् (sattvavān) - powerful (strong, courageous, brave, virtuous)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• महासुरः (mahāsuraḥ) - great Asura (great demon, great Asura)

• रोचमानः (rocamānaḥ) - Rocamāna (proper name) (shining, agreeable, Rocamāna (proper name))

• इति (iti) - as (thus, so, denoting quotation or designation)

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known (known, famous, mentioned)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on Earth (on Earth, in the world)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, was)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king (king, ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वग्रीवः (aśvagrīvaḥ) - Aśvagrīva (proper name of the Asura) (Aśvagrīva (proper name, 'horse-necked'))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvagrīva

aśvagrīva - horse-necked, Aśvagrīva (proper name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aśva+grīvā)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

इति (iti) - as (thus, so, denoting quotation or designation)

(indeclinable)

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known (known, famous, mentioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, mentioned, declared

past passive participle

Derived from √khyā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mahāsuraḥ'.

सत्त्ववान् (sattvavān) - powerful (strong, courageous, brave, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sattvavat

sattvavat - possessed of strength/courage, strong, brave, virtuous

possessive suffix -vat

Derived from sattva + matup

Note: Qualifies 'mahāsuraḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

महासुरः (mahāsuraḥ) - great Asura (great demon, great Asura)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāsura

mahāsura - a great demon, a great Asura

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+asura)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• asura – demon, titan, a powerful being
  noun (masculine)

रोचमानः (rocamānaḥ) - Rocamāna (proper name) (shining, agreeable, Rocamāna (proper name))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rocamāna

rocamāna - shining, bright, agreeable, Rocamāna (proper name)

present participle (middle voice)

Derived from √ruc + śānac

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Functions as a proper noun here.

इति (iti) - as (thus, so, denoting quotation or designation)

(indeclinable)

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known (known, famous, mentioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, mentioned, declared

past passive participle

Derived from √khyā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpaḥ'.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on Earth (on Earth, in the world)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - Earth, land, ground

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Personal/demonstrative pronoun.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. protector of men)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from √pā + ka
  Root: pā (class 2)