महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-61, verse-102

अंशावतरणं श्रुत्वा देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् ।
प्रभवाप्ययवित्प्राज्ञो न कृच्छ्रेष्ववसीदति ॥१०२॥

102. aṁśāvataraṇaṁ śrutvā devagandharvarakṣasām ,
prabhavāpyayavitprājño na kṛcchreṣvavasīdati.

102. aṁśāvataraṇam śrutvā devagandharvarakṣasām
prabhavāpyayavit prājñaḥ na kṛcchreṣu avasīdati

102. Having heard about the descent of divine parts of the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas, a wise person who understands their origin and dissolution does not become dejected in times of difficulty.

Words meanings summery:

• अंशावतरणम् (aṁśāvataraṇam) - the descent of divine parts (descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् (devagandharvarakṣasām) - of the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (of gods, gandharvas, and rākṣasas)

• प्रभवाप्ययवित् (prabhavāpyayavit) - who understands their origin and dissolution (knowing origin and dissolution)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent person)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कृच्छ्रेषु (kṛcchreṣu) - in times of difficulty (in difficulties, in distress, in troubles)

• अवसीदति (avasīdati) - does become dejected (sinks, desponds, becomes dejected)

Words meanings and morphology

अंशावतरणम् (aṁśāvataraṇam) - the descent of divine parts (descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects)

(common noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṁśāvataraṇa

aṁśāvataraṇa - descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aṁśa+avataraṇa)

• aṁśa – part, portion, aspect
  common noun (masculine)
• avataraṇa – descent, alighting, incarnation
  common noun (neuter)
  Noun derived from verb
  Derived from root tṛ with prefix ava, plus suffix -ana
  Prefix: ava
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of the gerund 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् (devagandharvarakṣasām) - of the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (of gods, gandharvas, and rākṣasas)

(common noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of devagandharvarakṣas

devagandharvarakṣas - gods, gandharvas, and rākṣasas

Compound type : dvandva (deva+gandharva+rakṣas)

• deva – god, deity
  common noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, gandharva
  common noun (masculine)
• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon
  common noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive for 'aṁśāvataraṇam'.

प्रभवाप्ययवित् (prabhavāpyayavit) - who understands their origin and dissolution (knowing origin and dissolution)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhavāpyayavit

prabhavāpyayavit - knowing origin and dissolution

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prabhava+apyaya+vit)

• prabhava – origin, source, birth
  common noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhū with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• apyaya – dissolution, destruction, end
  common noun (masculine)
  Derived from root i with prefix api
  Prefix: api
  Root: i (class 2)
• vit – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Adjective for 'prājñaḥ'.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent person)

(common noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, sagacious

Derived from pra-jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'avasīdati'.

कृच्छ्रेषु (kṛcchreṣu) - in times of difficulty (in difficulties, in distress, in troubles)

(common noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, distress, trouble

Note: Locative of circumstance.

अवसीदति (avasīdati) - does become dejected (sinks, desponds, becomes dejected)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avasīd

Present tense verb

Derived from root sad with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.