महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-61, verse-102

अंशावतरणं श्रुत्वा देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् ।
प्रभवाप्ययवित्प्राज्ञो न कृच्छ्रेष्ववसीदति ॥१०२॥

102. aṁśāvataraṇaṁ śrutvā devagandharvarakṣasām ,
prabhavāpyayavitprājño na kṛcchreṣvavasīdati.

102. aṁśāvataraṇam śrutvā devagandharvarakṣasām
prabhavāpyayavit prājñaḥ na kṛcchreṣu avasīdati

102. Having heard about the descent of divine parts of the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas, a wise person who understands their origin and dissolution does not become dejected in times of difficulty.

102. מי ששמע את סיפור התגלמות החלקים של האלים, הגַנְדְהַרְוַה והרָאקְשַׁסִים, והוא חכם היודע את מקור הדברים ואת סופם, אינו שוקע בעת צרה.

Words meanings summery:

• अंशावतरणम् (aṁśāvataraṇam) - the descent of divine parts (descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् (devagandharvarakṣasām) - of the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (of gods, gandharvas, and rākṣasas)

• प्रभवाप्ययवित् (prabhavāpyayavit) - who understands their origin and dissolution (knowing origin and dissolution)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent person)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कृच्छ्रेषु (kṛcchreṣu) - in times of difficulty (in difficulties, in distress, in troubles)

• अवसीदति (avasīdati) - does become dejected (sinks, desponds, becomes dejected)

Words meanings and morphology

अंशावतरणम् (aṁśāvataraṇam) - the descent of divine parts (descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects)

(common noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṁśāvataraṇa

aṁśāvataraṇa - descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aṁśa+avataraṇa)

• aṁśa – part, portion, aspect
  common noun (masculine)
• avataraṇa – descent, alighting, incarnation
  common noun (neuter)
  Noun derived from verb
  Derived from root tṛ with prefix ava, plus suffix -ana
  Prefix: ava
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of the gerund 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् (devagandharvarakṣasām) - of the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (of gods, gandharvas, and rākṣasas)

(common noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of devagandharvarakṣas

devagandharvarakṣas - gods, gandharvas, and rākṣasas

Compound type : dvandva (deva+gandharva+rakṣas)

• deva – god, deity
  common noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, gandharva
  common noun (masculine)
• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon
  common noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive for 'aṁśāvataraṇam'.

प्रभवाप्ययवित् (prabhavāpyayavit) - who understands their origin and dissolution (knowing origin and dissolution)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhavāpyayavit

prabhavāpyayavit - knowing origin and dissolution

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prabhava+apyaya+vit)

• prabhava – origin, source, birth
  common noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhū with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• apyaya – dissolution, destruction, end
  common noun (masculine)
  Derived from root i with prefix api
  Prefix: api
  Root: i (class 2)
• vit – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Adjective for 'prājñaḥ'.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent person)

(common noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, sagacious

Derived from pra-jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'avasīdati'.

कृच्छ्रेषु (kṛcchreṣu) - in times of difficulty (in difficulties, in distress, in troubles)

(common noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, distress, trouble

Note: Locative of circumstance.

अवसीदति (avasīdati) - does become dejected (sinks, desponds, becomes dejected)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avasīd

Present tense verb

Derived from root sad with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

Previous Verse