महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-88

संजय उवाच ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं कृष्णः संन्यवर्तत भारत ।
युधिष्ठिरपुरोगैश्च पाण्डवैः सह संगतः ॥८८॥

88. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tacchrutvā vacanaṁ kṛṣṇaḥ saṁnyavartata bhārata ,
yudhiṣṭhirapurogaiśca pāṇḍavaiḥ saha saṁgataḥ.

88. saṃjayaḥ uvāca | tat śrutvā vacanaṃ kṛṣṇaḥ saṃnyavartata
bhārata | yudhiṣṭhirapurogaiḥ ca pāṇḍavaiḥ saha saṃgataḥ

88. saṃjayaḥ uvāca bhārata,
tat vacanaṃ śrutvā kṛṣṇaḥ yudhiṣṭhirapurogaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ ca saha saṃgataḥ saṃnyavartata

88. Saṃjaya said: O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), hearing that speech, Krishna returned, accompanied by the Pāṇḍavas, led by Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya (the charioteer and narrator) (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Sanjaya said (said, spoke)

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (that speech) (having heard, after hearing)

• वचनं (vacanaṁ) - the speech (of Karna) (speech, word, statement)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Lord Krishna (Krishna)

• संन्यवर्तत (saṁnyavartata) - Krishna returned (he returned, turned back)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (addressed by Sanjaya) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• युधिष्ठिरपुरोगैः (yudhiṣṭhirapurogaiḥ) - with Yudhiṣṭhira at their head (with Yudhiṣṭhira as the foremost, led by Yudhiṣṭhira)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas (by the Pāṇḍavas, with the Pāṇḍavas)

• सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

• संगतः (saṁgataḥ) - accompanied by (met, joined, accompanied by)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya (the charioteer and narrator) (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - Sanjaya said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect tense, 3rd person singular active, 'uvāca' is an irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root √vac (to speak).

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karna's statement.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (that speech) (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root √śru (to hear) + -tvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicating prior action.

वचनं (vacanaṁ) - the speech (of Karna) (speech, word, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement, saying

From root √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Lord Krishna (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (proper name), black, dark

Note: Subject of 'saṃnyavartata'.

संन्यवर्तत (saṁnyavartata) - Krishna returned (he returned, turned back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of saṃnivṛt

Imperfect Middle

From root √vṛt (to turn) with prefixes 'saṃ' and 'ni'. Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular middle voice.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (addressed by Sanjaya) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, pertaining to Bharata, Indian

Patronymic from Bharata.

युधिष्ठिरपुरोगैः (yudhiṣṭhirapurogaiḥ) - with Yudhiṣṭhira at their head (with Yudhiṣṭhira as the foremost, led by Yudhiṣṭhira)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhirapuroga

yudhiṣṭhirapuroga - having Yudhiṣṭhira as leader/foremost

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhiṣṭhira+puras+ga)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name), firm in battle
  proper noun (masculine)
• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, leading
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective
  From root √gam (to go) + -a suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Yudhiṣṭhirapurogaiḥ' with 'Pāṇḍavaiḥ' implicitly, or just emphasizes the accompanying.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas (by the Pāṇḍavas, with the Pāṇḍavas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing the instrumental 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'.

संगतः (saṁgataḥ) - accompanied by (met, joined, accompanied by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgata

saṁgata - met, joined, accompanied, assembled

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) with prefix 'saṃ' + -ta suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.