महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-58

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
हन्त तस्मान्महाबाहो वधोपायं वदात्मनः ।
आचार्य प्रणिपत्यैष पृच्छामि त्वां नमोऽस्तु ते ॥५८॥

58. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
hanta tasmānmahābāho vadhopāyaṁ vadātmanaḥ ,
ācārya praṇipatyaiṣa pṛcchāmi tvāṁ namo'stu te.

58. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca hanta tasmāt mahābāho vadhopāyam vada
ātmanaḥ ācārya praṇipatya eṣa pṛcchāmi tvām namaḥ astu te

58. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca hanta tasmāt he mahābāho ātmanaḥ vadhopāyam
vada he ācārya eṣa tvām praṇipatya pṛcchāmi te namaḥ astu

58. Yudhiṣṭhira said: Alas! Therefore, O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), tell me the means of your own demise. O preceptor (ācārya), bowing down to you, I ask you this; salutations to you!

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava) (Yudhiṣṭhira (a name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• हन्त (hanta) - alas! (alas!, indeed, oh!)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, hence)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (mahābāho) (O mighty-armed one)

• वधोपायम् (vadhopāyam) - means of your demise (means of killing, method of demise)

• वद (vada) - tell (speak, tell, say)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of your own (ātman) (of oneself, of the self, soul)

• आचार्य (ācārya) - O preceptor (ācārya) (O preceptor, O teacher)

• प्रणिपत्य (praṇipatya) - having bowed down (prostrating) (having bowed down, prostrating)

• एष (eṣa) - I (this one, referring to the speaker, Yudhiṣṭhira, implying humility) (this (masculine nominative singular))

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask (I ask, I inquire)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (you (accusative singular))

• नमः (namaḥ) - salutations (salutation, obeisance)

• अस्तु (astu) - let there be (let it be, may it be)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava) (Yudhiṣṭhira (a name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (steady in battle)

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – steady, firm, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

हन्त (hanta) - alas! (alas!, indeed, oh!)

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, hence)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (mahābāho) (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an epithet for Droṇa.

वधोपायम् (vadhopāyam) - means of your demise (means of killing, method of demise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadhopāya

vadhopāya - means of killing, method of demise

Compound type : tatpurusha (vadha+upāya)

• vadha – killing, slaughter, demise
  noun (masculine)
  From root vadh/han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• upāya – means, method, expedient
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix upa- and root i (to go).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

वद (vada) - tell (speak, tell, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of your own (ātman) (of oneself, of the self, soul)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, vital breath

Note: Also used reflexively.

आचार्य (ācārya) - O preceptor (ācārya) (O preceptor, O teacher)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, master

From prefix ā- and root car (to move, behave).

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

प्रणिपत्य (praṇipatya) - having bowed down (prostrating) (having bowed down, prostrating)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From prefixes pra- and ni- and root pat (to fall).

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

एष (eṣa) - I (this one, referring to the speaker, Yudhiṣṭhira, implying humility) (this (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

Note: Used here to refer to the speaker (Yudhiṣṭhira) in a humble or respectful way, 'this one (i.e., I) asks'.

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask (I ask, I inquire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Root: prach (class 6)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (you (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

नमः (namaḥ) - salutations (salutation, obeisance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of namas

namas - salutation, obeisance, bow

अस्तु (astu) - let there be (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you