महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-57

द्रोण उवाच ।
न तेऽस्ति विजयस्तावद्यावद्युध्याम्यहं रणे ।
ममाशु निधने राजन्यतस्व सह सोदरैः ॥५७॥

57. droṇa uvāca ,
na te'sti vijayastāvadyāvadyudhyāmyahaṁ raṇe ,
mamāśu nidhane rājanyatasva saha sodaraiḥ.

57. droṇaḥ uvāca na te asti vijayaḥ tāvat yāvat yudhyāmi
aham raṇe mama āśu nidhane rājan yatasva saha sodaraiḥ

57. droṇaḥ uvāca aham yāvat raṇe yudhyāmi tāvat te vijayaḥ
na asti rājan mama nidhane sodaraiḥ saha āśu yatasva

57. Droṇa said: You will not achieve victory (vijaya) as long as I fight in battle. O King, quickly strive for my demise along with your brothers.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (the Kaurava preceptor) (Droṇa (name of a preceptor))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ते (te) - for you (you will have no victory) (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory (vijaya) (victory, triumph, conquest)

• तावत् (tāvat) - as long as, until (so long, so much, as long as)

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as (as long as, as far as, while)

• युध्यामि (yudhyāmi) - I fight

• अहम् (aham) - I

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me (genitive singular))

• आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• निधने (nidhane) - for the demise (locative of purpose) (in destruction, in death, in demise)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Yudhiṣṭhira) (O king)

• यतस्व (yatasva) - strive (strive, endeavor, exert yourself)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

• सोदरैः (sodaraiḥ) - with your brothers (with brothers, with siblings)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (the Kaurava preceptor) (Droṇa (name of a preceptor))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name); a measure; a kind of vessel

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - for you (you will have no victory) (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory (vijaya) (victory, triumph, conquest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From prefix vi- and root ji (to conquer).

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

तावत् (tāvat) - as long as, until (so long, so much, as long as)

(indeclinable)

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as (as long as, as far as, while)

(indeclinable)

युध्यामि (yudhyāmi) - I fight

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Root `yudh` is often `ātmanepada` (middle voice) in the present tense.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

From root raṇ (to rejoice, shout, sound, go).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

मम (mama) - my (my, of me (genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

निधने (nidhane) - for the demise (locative of purpose) (in destruction, in death, in demise)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - destruction, death, demise

From prefix ni- and root dhā (to place).

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Locative case indicating purpose 'for the demise'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Yudhiṣṭhira) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Stem of the word is `rājan`.

यतस्व (yatasva) - strive (strive, endeavor, exert yourself)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yat

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Root `yat` is `ātmanepada` (middle voice).

सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

सोदरैः (sodaraiḥ) - with your brothers (with brothers, with siblings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sodara

sodara - brother, uterine brother, sibling

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+udara)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• udara – womb, belly
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental plural, governed by `saha`.