महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-87

कर्ण उवाच ।
न विप्रियं करिष्यामि धार्तराष्ट्रस्य केशव ।
त्यक्तप्राणं हि मां विद्धि दुर्योधनहितैषिणम् ॥८७॥

87. karṇa uvāca ,
na vipriyaṁ kariṣyāmi dhārtarāṣṭrasya keśava ,
tyaktaprāṇaṁ hi māṁ viddhi duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam.

87. karṇaḥ uvāca | na vipriyaṃ kariṣyāmi dhārtarāṣṭrasya
keśava | tyaktaprāṇaṃ hi māṃ viddhi duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam

87. karṇaḥ uvāca keśava,
dhārtarāṣṭrasya vipriyaṃ na kariṣyāmi hi tyaktaprāṇaṃ duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam māṃ viddhi

87. Karna said: O Keśava, I will not do anything displeasing to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana). Indeed, know me as one who has forsaken his life, desiring the welfare of Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna, the eldest son of Kunti, a great warrior, fighting for Duryodhana. (Karna)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Karna spoke (said, spoke)

• न (na) - will not (not, no)

• विप्रियं (vipriyaṁ) - anything displeasing, a hostile act (disagreeable, unpleasant, harmful, hostile act)

• करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do (a hostile act) (I will do, I will make)

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of the son of Dhritarashtra, of Duryodhana)

• केशव (keśava) - O Krishna (O Keśava, O Krishna)

• त्यक्तप्राणं (tyaktaprāṇaṁ) - one who has forsaken his life (one who has abandoned life, one who has given up his life)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• मां (māṁ) - me

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (me as such) (know, understand)

• दुर्योधनहितैषिणम् (duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam) - desiring the welfare of Duryodhana (desiring the welfare of Duryodhana, well-wisher of Duryodhana)

Words meanings and morphology

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna, the eldest son of Kunti, a great warrior, fighting for Duryodhana. (Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name), ear

उवाच (uvāca) - Karna spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect tense, 3rd person singular active, 'uvāca' is an irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root √vac (to speak).

न (na) - will not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

विप्रियं (vipriyaṁ) - anything displeasing, a hostile act (disagreeable, unpleasant, harmful, hostile act)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipriya

vipriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, enmity

Prefix: vi

Root: prī

Note: Used here as a noun, meaning 'disagreeable thing' or 'harm'.

करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do (a hostile act) (I will do, I will make)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future Active

Root 'kṛ' (8th class), future tense, 1st person singular active.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of the son of Dhritarashtra, of Duryodhana)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhritarashtra, son of Dhritarashtra

A patronymic formed from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Note: Patronymic.

केशव (keśava) - O Krishna (O Keśava, O Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna), having beautiful hair, slayer of the demon Keśī

त्यक्तप्राणं (tyaktaprāṇaṁ) - one who has forsaken his life (one who has abandoned life, one who has given up his life)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tyaktaprāṇa

tyaktaprāṇa - one who has given up life, one who has abandoned vital breath

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tyakta+prāṇa)

• tyakta – abandoned, given up, forsaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √tyaj (to abandon) + -kta suffix.
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• prāṇa – life, vital breath, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

मां (māṁ) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (me as such) (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active

Root 'vid' (2nd class), imperative mood, 2nd person singular active. 'viddhi' is an irregular form.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: From root √vid (to know).

दुर्योधनहितैषिणम् (duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam) - desiring the welfare of Duryodhana (desiring the welfare of Duryodhana, well-wisher of Duryodhana)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhanahitaiṣin

duryodhanahitaiṣin - wishing well to Duryodhana, desirous of Duryodhana's welfare

Compound type : tatpurusha (duryodhana+hita+eṣin)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective
  From root √iṣ (to wish, desire) with suffix -in.
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.