महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-14

सहदेव उवाच ।
अस्मिन्रणसमूहे वै वर्तमाने महाभये ।
योद्धव्ये क्व नु गन्तासि शत्रूनभिमुखो नृप ॥१४॥

14. sahadeva uvāca ,
asminraṇasamūhe vai vartamāne mahābhaye ,
yoddhavye kva nu gantāsi śatrūnabhimukho nṛpa.

14. sahadeva uvāca asmin raṇasamūhe vai vartamāne mahābhaye
yoddhavye kva nu gantā asi śatrūn abhimukhaḥ nṛpa

14. nṛpa,
vai asmin mahābhaye raṇasamūhe vartamāne,
yoddhavye (sati),
śatrūn abhimukhaḥ (tvam) kva nu gantā asi

14. Sahadeva said: O King, while this battle formation, fraught with great danger, is present and combat is necessary, where indeed are you going, facing the enemies?

Words meanings summery:

• सहदेव (sahadeva) - Sahadeva (proper name of a Pandava prince)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (in this, on this)

• रणसमूहे (raṇasamūhe) - in this battle formation (in the battle array, in the collection of warriors)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - being present (while present) (being present, existing, currently happening)

• महाभये (mahābhaye) - fraught with great danger (in great fear, in great danger, fraught with great danger)

• योद्धव्ये (yoddhavye) - when combat is necessary (it being proper to fight) (to be fought, when it is to be fought, in the matter of fighting)

• क्व (kva) - where, to what place

• नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, now, then, surely (interrogative or emphatic particle))

• गन्ता (gantā) - are you going (one who goes, will go)

• असि (asi) - you are

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing the enemies (facing towards, confronting)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king, O ruler

Words meanings and morphology

सहदेव (sahadeva) - Sahadeva (proper name of a Pandava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active, from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (in this, on this)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the battle formation.

रणसमूहे (raṇasamūhe) - in this battle formation (in the battle array, in the collection of warriors)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇasamūha

raṇasamūha - battle array, collection of warriors

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+samūha)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• samūha – collection, multitude, crowd, array
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative absolute construction.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - being present (while present) (being present, existing, currently happening)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current

Present Active Participle

From root vṛt 'to be, exist'

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies `raṇasamūhe`. Locative absolute construction.

महाभये (mahābhaye) - fraught with great danger (in great fear, in great danger, fraught with great danger)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear, great danger

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+bhaya)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, danger
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `raṇasamūhe`. Locative absolute construction.

योद्धव्ये (yoddhavye) - when combat is necessary (it being proper to fight) (to be fought, when it is to be fought, in the matter of fighting)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of yoddhavya

yoddhavya - to be fought, fit for fighting, combat must be waged

Gerundive

From root yudh 'to fight' with suffix -tavya

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Locative absolute construction, "when it is to be fought".

क्व (kva) - where, to what place

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, now, then, surely (interrogative or emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative/emphatic particle.

गन्ता (gantā) - are you going (one who goes, will go)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gantṛ

gantṛ - goer, one who goes, will go

Agent Noun (future sense)

From root gam 'to go' with suffix -tṛ (ṇvultṛc)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'asi'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Present 2nd person singular active, from root as

Root: as (class 2)

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

Note: Object of implied verb or participle.

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing the enemies (facing towards, confronting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing towards, confronting, in front of

From mukha (face) with upasarga abhi

Compound type : bahuvrihi (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, against
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (one who protects men)