महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-43

भीष्म उवाच ।
न शत्रुं तात पश्यामि समरे यो जयेत माम् ।
न तावन्मृत्युकालो मे पुनरागमनं कुरु ॥४३॥

43. bhīṣma uvāca ,
na śatruṁ tāta paśyāmi samare yo jayeta mām ,
na tāvanmṛtyukālo me punarāgamanaṁ kuru.

43. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca na śatruṃ tāta paśyāmi samare yaḥ
jayeta mām na tāvat mṛtyukālaḥ me punarāgamanaṃ kuru

43. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tāta,
na paśyāmi samare yaḥ śatruṃ mām jayeta me mṛtyukālaḥ na tāvat punarāgamanaṃ kuru.

43. Bhishma spoke: "Dear son, I do not see any enemy in battle who could defeat me. My time of death has not yet arrived. Please return."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• न (na) - not, no

• शत्रुं (śatruṁ) - enemy

• तात (tāta) - dear son (used affectionately) (dear one, father, son)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• जयेत (jayeta) - might conquer, should conquer

• माम् (mām) - me

• न (na) - not, no

• तावत् (tāvat) - not yet (in conjunction with 'na') (so long, thus far, not yet, only then)

• मृत्युकालः (mṛtyukālaḥ) - time of death

• मे (me) - my (possessive) (my, to me, for me)

• पुनरागमनं (punarāgamanaṁ) - return, coming back

• कुरु (kuru) - make (your) return, go back (do, make)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma, a prominent character in the Mahabharata, son of Shantanu and Ganga.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect (Lit) third person singular

From √vac (class 2, Parasmaipada). Irregular stem formation.

Root: √vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शत्रुं (śatruṁ) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

तात (tāta) - dear son (used affectionately) (dear one, father, son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one (term of endearment, often used by elders for younger people, or vice versa)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of √dṛś

Present tense, first person singular

From √dṛś (class 1, Parasmaipada), with irregular present stem paśya-.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

जयेत (jayeta) - might conquer, should conquer

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √ji

Optative mood, third person singular

From √ji (class 1, Parasmaipada).

Root: √ji (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तावत् (tāvat) - not yet (in conjunction with 'na') (so long, thus far, not yet, only then)

(indeclinable)

मृत्युकालः (mṛtyukālaḥ) - time of death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyukāla

mṛtyukāla - time of death, hour of death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+kāla)

• mṛtyu – death, demise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √mṛ (class 1)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

मे (me) - my (possessive) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun, typically used for genitive or dative.

पुनरागमनं (punarāgamanaṁ) - return, coming back

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of punarāgamana

punarāgamana - return, coming back, reappearance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (punar+āgamana)

• punar – again, back, anew
  indeclinable
• āgamana – coming, arriving, approach
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  Derived from √gam with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √gam (class 1)

कुरु (kuru) - make (your) return, go back (do, make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √kṛ

Imperative mood, second person singular

From √kṛ (class 8, Parasmaipada).

Root: √kṛ (class 8)