महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-21

दृष्ट्वा युधिष्ठिरं दूराद्धार्तराष्ट्रस्य सैनिकाः ।
मिथः संकथयां चक्रुर्नेशोऽस्ति कुलपांसनः ॥२१॥

21. dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhiraṁ dūrāddhārtarāṣṭrasya sainikāḥ ,
mithaḥ saṁkathayāṁ cakrurneśo'sti kulapāṁsanaḥ.

21. dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhiram dūrāt dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainikāḥ
mithaḥ saṃkathayām cakruḥ na eṣaḥ asti kulapāṃsanaḥ

21. dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainikāḥ dūrāt yudhiṣṭhiram dṛṣṭvā
mithaḥ saṃkathayām cakruḥ eṣaḥ kulapāṃsanaḥ na asti

21. Having seen Yudhiṣṭhira from afar, the soldiers of Dhṛtarāṣṭra conversed among themselves: 'This is not the family disgracer!'

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers, warriors

• मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually, among themselves, secretly

• संकथयाम् (saṁkathayām) - conversation, speaking

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they conversed (they did, they made)

• न (na) - not, no

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• कुलपांसनः (kulapāṁsanaḥ) - disgracer of the family, one who soils the family

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From √dṛś (to see) + ktvā suffix

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name, 'firm in battle')

Compound type : aluk-samāsa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: √yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - distance, far, remote

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (patronymic)

From Dhṛtarāṣṭra with aṇ suffix

सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, warrior, belonging to an army

From senā (army) + ika suffix

मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually, among themselves, secretly

(indeclinable)

संकथयाम् (saṁkathayām) - conversation, speaking

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃkathā

saṁkathā - conversation, talk, discourse

from sam- + √kath

Note: Used with √kṛ to form a periphrastic perfect verb (meaning "they conversed").

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they conversed (they did, they made)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of √kṛ

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Plural

reduplicated perfect from √kṛ

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this (demonstrative pronoun)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

Present Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

as (root) + ti (3rd sg. present ending)

Root: √as (class 2)

कुलपांसनः (kulapāṁsanaḥ) - disgracer of the family, one who soils the family

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kulapāṃsana

kulapāṁsana - disgracer of a family, family-destroyer, one who defiles the family

From kula (family) and pāṃsana (soiling, defiling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+pāṃsana)

• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• pāṃsana – soiling, defiling, a defiler
  noun (masculine)
  from root √pāṃs
  Root: √pāṃs (class 10)