महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-8

पितामहमभिप्रेक्ष्य धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
वाग्यतः प्रययौ येन प्राङ्मुखो रिपुवाहिनीम् ॥८॥

8. pitāmahamabhiprekṣya dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
vāgyataḥ prayayau yena prāṅmukho ripuvāhinīm.

8. pitāmaham abhiprekṣya dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
vāgyataḥ prāyayau yena prāṅmukhaḥ ripuvāhinīm

8. dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ pitāmaham abhiprekṣya
vāgyataḥ prāṅmukhaḥ yena ripuvāhinīm prāyayau

8. Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of natural law (dharma), having looked towards his grandfather (Bhīṣma), proceeded silently, facing east, towards the enemy army.

Words meanings summery:

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather (Bhīṣma) (grandfather)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having looked towards

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of natural law (dharma) (king of dharma, king of righteousness)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name)

• वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - silent, self-controlled in speech

• प्राययौ (prāyayau) - went, proceeded, advanced

• येन (yena) - by which, to which, where

• प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east, eastward-facing

• रिपुवाहिनीम् (ripuvāhinīm) - enemy army, host of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather (Bhīṣma) (grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having looked towards

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ- with upasargas abhi- and pra-

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive participle, meaning 'having done X'

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of natural law (dharma) (king of dharma, king of righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of natural law (dharma)

Tatpuruṣa compound: dharma (natural law) + rāja (king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name, 'steady in battle')

वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - silent, self-controlled in speech

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgyata

vāgyata - restrained in speech, silent

Bahuvrihi compound: vāc (speech) + yata (controlled)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāc+yata)

• vāc – speech, voice
  noun (feminine)
• yata – controlled, restrained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam- (to restrain)
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्राययौ (prāyayau) - went, proceeded, advanced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prā-yā

Perfect tense form of root yā- with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, to which, where

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yat

yat - which, that, where

Note: Used here adverbially, meaning 'to where' or 'in the direction of'.

प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east, eastward-facing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - facing east, turned eastward

Bahuvrihi compound: prāñc (east) + mukha (face)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāñc+mukha)

• prāñc – eastern, facing east
  adjective (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Yudhiṣṭhira.

रिपुवाहिनीम् (ripuvāhinīm) - enemy army, host of enemies

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ripuvāhinī

ripuvāhinī - enemy army, host of enemies

Tatpuruṣa compound: ripu (enemy) + vāhinī (army)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ripu+vāhinī)

• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)