महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-41, verse-30

स विगाह्य चमूं शत्रोः शरशक्तिसमाकुलाम् ।
भीष्ममेवाभ्ययात्तूर्णं भ्रातृभिः परिवारितः ॥३०॥

30. sa vigāhya camūṁ śatroḥ śaraśaktisamākulām ,
bhīṣmamevābhyayāttūrṇaṁ bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ.

30. saḥ vigāhya camūm śatroḥ śaraśaktisamākulām
bhīṣmam eva abhyayāt tūrṇam bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ

30. bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ saḥ,
śaraśaktisamākulām śatroḥ camūm vigāhya,
bhīṣmam eva tūrṇam abhyayāt.

30. He (Yudhiṣṭhira), accompanied by his brothers, quickly entered the enemy's army, which was teeming with arrows and spears, and approached Bhīṣma himself.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• विगाह्य (vigāhya) - having entered, having penetrated

• चमूम् (camūm) - army, host

• शत्रोः (śatroḥ) - of the enemy

• शरशक्तिसमाकुलाम् (śaraśaktisamākulām) - filled with arrows and spears

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - approached, went towards

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) brothers (with brothers)

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, attended

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विगाह्य (vigāhya) - having entered, having penetrated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form of the root 'gāh' (to plunge, enter) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: gāh (class 1)

चमूम् (camūm) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop

शत्रोः (śatroḥ) - of the enemy

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, adversary

शरशक्तिसमाकुलाम् (śaraśaktisamākulām) - filled with arrows and spears

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śaraśaktisamākula

śaraśaktisamākula - filled with arrows and spears/javelins

Compound of 'śaraśakti' (arrows and spears) and 'samākula' (filled, crowded).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaraśakti+samākula)

• śaraśakti – arrows and spears/javelins
  noun (feminine)
  Dvandva compound: 'śara' (arrow) and 'śakti' (spear/javelin).
• samākula – filled, crowded, teeming, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'ākul' (to be agitated) with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ākul (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'camūm'.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a revered warrior in the Mahābhārata)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - approached, went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyā

Imperfect

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice. Root 'i' with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'abhyayāt'.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) brothers (with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, attended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied, attended

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Refers to the subject 'saḥ' (Yudhiṣṭhira).