महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-327, verse-73

इदं कृतयुगं नाम कालः श्रेष्ठः प्रवर्तते ।
अहिंस्या यज्ञपशवो युगेऽस्मिन्नैतदन्यथा ।
चतुष्पात्सकलो धर्मो भविष्यत्यत्र वै सुराः ॥७३॥

73. idaṁ kṛtayugaṁ nāma kālaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ pravartate ,
ahiṁsyā yajñapaśavo yuge'sminnaitadanyathā ,
catuṣpātsakalo dharmo bhaviṣyatyatra vai surāḥ.

73. idam kṛtayugam nāma kālaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ
pravartate | ahiṃsyā yajñapaśavaḥ yuge
asmin na etat anyathā | catuṣpāt sakalaḥ
dharmaḥ bhaviṣyati atra vai surāḥ

73. idam kṛtayugam nāma śreṣṭhaḥ kālaḥ pravartate yuge asmin yajñapaśavaḥ ahiṃsyā (bhavanti),
etat anyathā na he surāḥ,
atra vai sakalaḥ catuṣpāt dharmaḥ bhaviṣyati

73. This is called the Kṛtayuga, and it is the most excellent age currently prevailing. In this age, animals for the Vedic ritual (yajña) are not to be harmed; this is not otherwise. Indeed, O gods, the complete four-fold natural law (dharma) will fully manifest here.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कृतयुगम् (kṛtayugam) - the Kṛtayuga (the golden age)

• नाम (nāma) - is called (by name, indeed, namely)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, age

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - is currently prevailing (it proceeds, it is prevailing, it takes place)

• अहिंस्या (ahiṁsyā) - are not to be harmed (not to be harmed, not to be injured)

• यज्ञपशवः (yajñapaśavaḥ) - animals for the Vedic ritual (yajña) (animals for Vedic ritual)

• युगे (yuge) - in this age (in the age, in the epoch)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• न (na) - not

• एतत् (etat) - this (statement) (this, it)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - not otherwise (otherwise, in another manner)

• चतुष्पात् (catuṣpāt) - complete four-fold (four-footed, four-part, complete)

• सकलः (sakalaḥ) - entire, whole, complete

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness)

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will fully manifest (it will be, it will exist, it will manifest)

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this (context)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• सुराः (surāḥ) - O gods

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun

कृतयुगम् (kṛtayugam) - the Kṛtayuga (the golden age)

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtayuga

kṛtayuga - the first and golden age (of the four yugas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+yuga)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, perfect
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle of 'kṛ' (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• yuga – age, epoch, period
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'idam'.

नाम (nāma) - is called (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

Often used as an emphatic particle or to introduce a name

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, age

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, suitable time

Root: kal (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pravartate'.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'kālaḥ'.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - is currently prevailing (it proceeds, it is prevailing, it takes place)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of pravṛt

present indicative

3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अहिंस्या (ahiṁsyā) - are not to be harmed (not to be harmed, not to be injured)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ahiṃsya

ahiṁsya - not to be injured, inviolable

gerundive

Gerundive of 'a-hiṃs' (not to harm)

Prefix: a

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'are not to be harmed'.

यज्ञपशवः (yajñapaśavaḥ) - animals for the Vedic ritual (yajña) (animals for Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yajñapaśu

yajñapaśu - animal for sacrifice/Vedic ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+paśu)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, devotion
  noun (masculine)
  From root yaj (to worship)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• paśu – animal, cattle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'bhavanti'.

युगे (yuge) - in this age (in the age, in the epoch)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuga

yuga - age, epoch, period

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the Kṛtayuga.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agrees with 'yuge'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

एतत् (etat) - this (statement) (this, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of implied verb 'asti'.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - not otherwise (otherwise, in another manner)

(indeclinable)

From 'anya' (other)

चतुष्पात् (catuṣpāt) - complete four-fold (four-footed, four-part, complete)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of catuṣpād

catuṣpād - four-footed, four-part, having four divisions

From 'catur' (four) + 'pād' (foot/part)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+pād)

• catur – four
  numeral
• pād – foot, leg, quarter, part
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

सकलः (sakalaḥ) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakala

sakala - entire, whole, complete

From 'sa' (with) + 'kala' (part)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'with' or 'possessing'
• kala – part, portion, digit (of moon)
  noun (masculine)
  From root kal (to count)
  Root: kal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'bhaviṣyati'.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will fully manifest (it will be, it will exist, it will manifest)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of bhū

future indicative

3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this (context)

(indeclinable)

From idam (this)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

सुराः (surāḥ) - O gods

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Addressed to the gods.