महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-327, verse-7

अहो हि दुरनुष्ठेयो मोक्षधर्मः सनातनः ।
यं हित्वा देवताः सर्वा हव्यकव्यभुजोऽभवन् ॥७॥

7. aho hi duranuṣṭheyo mokṣadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
yaṁ hitvā devatāḥ sarvā havyakavyabhujo'bhavan.

7. aho hi duranuṣṭheyaḥ mokṣadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ yam
hitvā devatāḥ sarvāḥ havyakavyabhujaḥ abhavan

7. aho hi sanātanaḥ mokṣadharmaḥ duranuṣṭheyaḥ yam
hitvā sarvāḥ devatāḥ havyakavyabhujaḥ abhavan

7. Oh, indeed, the eternal path (dharma) to liberation (mokṣa) is difficult to follow! Because they abandoned this path, all the deities became recipients of offerings for both gods and ancestors.

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh!, Alas!, Ah!

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for, because

• दुरनुष्ठेयः (duranuṣṭheyaḥ) - difficult to follow/practice (referring to a path or discipline) (difficult to perform, hard to accomplish, difficult to practice)

• मोक्षधर्मः (mokṣadharmaḥ) - the path (dharma) to liberation (mokṣa) (the dharma of liberation, the path to liberation, the principle of liberation)

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, everlasting, ancient, perpetual

• यम् (yam) - which (referring to mokṣadharma) (whom, which, that)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having left

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - the various Hindu deities (gods, deities)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the deities) (all, every)

• हव्यकव्यभुजः (havyakavyabhujaḥ) - consumers of oblations to gods and ancestors, those who partake of divine and ancestral offerings

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became (referring to the gods) (they became, they existed)

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh!, Alas!, Ah!

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for, because

(indeclinable)

दुरनुष्ठेयः (duranuṣṭheyaḥ) - difficult to follow/practice (referring to a path or discipline) (difficult to perform, hard to accomplish, difficult to practice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duranuṣṭheya

duranuṣṭheya - difficult to perform, hard to accomplish, difficult to practice

Gerundive

From dur (prefix meaning bad, difficult) + anu (prefix meaning after, along) + √sthā (to stand, perform) + -īya (gerundive suffix). Literally 'that which is to be stood/performed with difficulty.'

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dur+anuṣṭheya)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• anuṣṭheya – to be performed, to be practiced, proper to be done
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From anu (prefix) + √sthā (to stand, perform) + -(i)ya (gerundive suffix).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mokṣadharmaḥ.

मोक्षधर्मः (mokṣadharmaḥ) - the path (dharma) to liberation (mokṣa) (the dharma of liberation, the path to liberation, the principle of liberation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣadharma

mokṣadharma - the dharma of liberation, the path to liberation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+dharma)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, freedom, salvation
  noun (masculine)
  From √muc (to free, release) with suffix -sa.
  Root: √muc (class 6)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, path, practice
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, everlasting, ancient, perpetual

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, ancient, perpetual

From sanā (always, eternally) + suffix -tana.

Note: Agrees with mokṣadharmaḥ.

यम् (yam) - which (referring to mokṣadharma) (whom, which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to mokṣadharma as the object of hitvā.

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having left

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √hā (to abandon, leave) with suffix ktvā.

Root: √hā (class 3)

देवताः (devatāḥ) - the various Hindu deities (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - god, deity, divinity

From deva (god) + suffix -tā (feminine abstract noun formation, but often used as a concrete noun for 'deity').

Note: Subject of abhavan.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the deities) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with devatāḥ.

हव्यकव्यभुजः (havyakavyabhujaḥ) - consumers of oblations to gods and ancestors, those who partake of divine and ancestral offerings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of havyakavyabhuj

havyakavyabhuj - consumer of oblations for gods and ancestors

From havya (oblation to gods) + kavya (oblation to ancestors) + √bhuj (to eat, enjoy).

Compound type : dvandva (havya+kavya+bhuj)

• havya – oblation, offering to gods
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From √hu (to offer into fire).
  Root: √hu (class 3)
• kavya – oblation, offering to ancestors (pitṛs)
  noun (neuter)
  From kavi (poet, wise man) or kāvya (poem) but here means 'fit for ancestors'.
• bhuj – eater, enjoyer, consumer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √bhuj (to eat, enjoy, protect).
  Root: √bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicative nominative with abhavan, indicating what the gods became.

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became (referring to the gods) (they became, they existed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √bhū

Imperfect

Root √bhū, third person plural, active voice, imperfect tense (laṅ lakāra).

Root: √bhū (class 1)