महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-327, verse-68

यो यथा निर्मितो जन्तुर्यस्मिन्यस्मिंश्च कर्मणि ।
प्रवृत्तौ वा निवृत्तौ वा तत्फलं सोऽश्नुतेऽवशः ॥६८॥

68. yo yathā nirmito janturyasminyasmiṁśca karmaṇi ,
pravṛttau vā nivṛttau vā tatphalaṁ so'śnute'vaśaḥ.

68. yaḥ yathā nirmitaḥ jantuḥ yasmin yasmin ca karmaṇi |
pravṛttau vā nivṛttau vā tat phalam saḥ aśnute avaśaḥ

68. yaḥ jantuḥ yathā nirmitaḥ yasmin yasmin karmaṇi
pravṛttau vā nivṛttau vā saḥ avaśaḥ tat phalam aśnute

68. However a living being (jantu) is created, and in whichever action (karma) it is engaged or from which it refrains, that being helplessly experiences the corresponding result.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - whichever (living being) (who, whichever)

• यथा (yathā) - however (it is created) (as, just as, in whatever manner)

• निर्मितः (nirmitaḥ) - created (created, fashioned, made)

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being (living being, creature, man)

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whichever (in which, wherein)

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whichever (in which, wherein)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in (whichever) action (karma) (in action, in deed)

• प्रवृत्तौ (pravṛttau) - in engagement (in action) (in activity, in engagement)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• निवृत्तौ (nivṛttau) - in cessation (from action) (in cessation, in abstention, in retirement)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• तत् (tat) - its (corresponding) (that, its)

• फलम् (phalam) - the result (fruit, result, consequence)

• सः (saḥ) - that (being) (that, he)

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - experiences (experiences, obtains, enjoys)

• अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helplessly, against his will (helpless, dependent, powerless)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - whichever (living being) (who, whichever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

यथा (yathā) - however (it is created) (as, just as, in whatever manner)

(indeclinable)

निर्मितः (nirmitaḥ) - created (created, fashioned, made)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirmita

nirmita - created, fashioned, made, constructed

Past Passive Participle

from root mā (to measure, form) with prefix nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with jantuḥ.

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being (living being, creature, man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, progeny

from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whichever (in which, wherein)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'in whichever specific...'.

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whichever (in which, wherein)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in (whichever) action (karma) (in action, in deed)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny

from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रवृत्तौ (pravṛttau) - in engagement (in action) (in activity, in engagement)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, engagement, tendency, flow, evolution

from root vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

निवृत्तौ (nivṛttau) - in cessation (from action) (in cessation, in abstention, in retirement)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nivṛtti

nivṛtti - cessation, abstention, turning back, retirement, withdrawal

from root vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - its (corresponding) (that, its)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective to phalam.

फलम् (phalam) - the result (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Object of aśnute.

सः (saḥ) - that (being) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to jantuḥ.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - experiences (experiences, obtains, enjoys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

present

Atmanepada verb

Root: aś (class 5)

अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helplessly, against his will (helpless, dependent, powerless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśa

avaśa - helpless, dependent, powerless, unwilling

compound of 'a' (not) and 'vaśa' (will, control)

Compound type : negative tatpurusha (a+vaśa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (jantuḥ).