महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-327, verse-13

ये च भागं प्रगृह्णन्ति यज्ञेषु द्विजसत्तम ।
ते यजन्तो महायज्ञैः कस्य भागं ददन्ति वै ॥१३॥

13. ye ca bhāgaṁ pragṛhṇanti yajñeṣu dvijasattama ,
te yajanto mahāyajñaiḥ kasya bhāgaṁ dadanti vai.

13. ye ca bhāgam pragṛhṇanti yajñeṣu dvijasattama te
yajantaḥ mahāyajñaiḥ kasya bhāgam dadanti vai

13. dvijasattama! ye yajñeṣu bhāgam pragṛhṇanti,
te mahāyajñaiḥ yajantaḥ vai kasya bhāgam dadanti?

13. And those who accept a share in the Vedic rituals (yajña), O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), to whom do they, performing great Vedic rituals (mahāyajña), in turn offer a share?

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भागम् (bhāgam) - a share (share, portion)

• प्रगृह्णन्ति (pragṛhṇanti) - they accept (they accept, they receive)

• यज्ञेषु (yajñeṣu) - in the Vedic rituals (yajña) (in sacrifices, in worships)

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama) (best among the twice-born)

• ते (te) - they (they, those)

• यजन्तः (yajantaḥ) - performing Vedic rituals (sacrificing, worshipping)

• महायज्ञैः (mahāyajñaiḥ) - with great Vedic rituals (mahāyajña) (with great sacrifices/Vedic rituals)

• कस्य (kasya) - to whom (whose, to whom)

• भागम् (bhāgam) - a share (share, portion)

• ददन्ति (dadanti) - they give

• वै (vai) - in turn (emphasizing the reciprocal nature of giving) (indeed, verily)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भागम् (bhāgam) - a share (share, portion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, lot

Root: bhaj (class 1)

प्रगृह्णन्ति (pragṛhṇanti) - they accept (they accept, they receive)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of grah

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

यज्ञेषु (yajñeṣu) - in the Vedic rituals (yajña) (in sacrifices, in worships)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice, offering

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama) (best among the twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of the twice-born (brahmins)

Compound 'dvija' (twice-born) + 'sattama' (best). 'Sattama' is a superlative suffix for 'sat' (good, excellent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix, agent noun
  From root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'sat' (good, excellent).

ते (te) - they (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'ye'.

यजन्तः (yajantaḥ) - performing Vedic rituals (sacrificing, worshipping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yajat

yajat - sacrificing, worshipping, one who sacrifices

Present Active Participle

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

महायज्ञैः (mahāyajñaiḥ) - with great Vedic rituals (mahāyajña) (with great sacrifices/Vedic rituals)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāyajña

mahāyajña - great sacrifice, important Vedic ritual, the five daily great sacrifices

Compound 'mahā' (great) + 'yajña' (sacrifice/Vedic ritual).

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+yajña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• yajña – Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice, offering
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice).
  Root: yaj (class 1)

कस्य (kasya) - to whom (whose, to whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, which, what

Note: Functions as dative equivalent for "to whom".

भागम् (bhāgam) - a share (share, portion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, lot

Root: bhaj (class 1)

ददन्ति (dadanti) - they give

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

वै (vai) - in turn (emphasizing the reciprocal nature of giving) (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.