योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-30, verse-88

सर्वतः शङ्कते भीता प्राणात्ययमुपागता ।
क्षीणतोयेव शफरी विवर्तनपरायणा ॥ ८८ ॥

sarvataḥ śaṅkate bhītā prāṇātyayamupāgatā ,
kṣīṇatoyeva śapharī vivartanaparāyaṇā 88

88. sarvataḥ śaṅkate bhītā prāṇa-atyayam upāgatā
| kṣīṇa-toyā iva śapharī vivartana-parāyaṇā

88. bhītā prāṇa-atyayam upāgatā sarvataḥ śaṅkate
kṣīṇa-toyā śapharī iva vivartana-parāyaṇā

88. Terrified and facing mortal danger, it fears everything. Like a small fish in depleted water, it is solely engaged in desperate struggle.

88. מפוחדת, היא חוששת מכל עבר ומתקרבת לקץ חייה, כמו דג שַׁפָארִי במים הולכים ואוזלים המתפתל ללא הרף.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

• शङ्कते (śaṅkate) - fears (fears, suspects, doubts)

• भीता (bhītā) - terrified (afraid, fearful, terrified)

• प्राण-अत्ययम् (prāṇa-atyayam) - mortal danger (destruction of life, mortal danger)

• उपागता (upāgatā) - having approached, facing (approached, attained, reached)

• क्षीण-तोया (kṣīṇa-toyā) - in depleted water (as part of the simile) (having depleted water, waterless)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• शफरी (śapharī) - a small fish (a small fish, minnow, carp)

• विवर्तन-परायणा (vivartana-parāyaṇā) - solely engaged in desperate struggle (intent on struggling, devoted to turning about)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

(indeclinable)

formed with `tasi` suffix from `sarva`

Note: Adverbial use.

शङ्कते (śaṅkate) - fears (fears, suspects, doubts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śaṅk

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: `ātmanepada` form.

भीता (bhītā) - terrified (afraid, fearful, terrified)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - afraid, fearful, terrified

Past Passive Participle

from root `bhī`

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies the implied feminine subject.

प्राण-अत्ययम् (prāṇa-atyayam) - mortal danger (destruction of life, mortal danger)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāṇātyaya

prāṇātyaya - loss/destruction of life, mortal danger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+atyaya)

• prāṇa – breath, life-force, vital air
  noun (masculine)
• atyaya – destruction, passing away, expiration, transgression
  noun (masculine)
  from `ati-i`
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of `upāgatā`.

उपागता (upāgatā) - having approached, facing (approached, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, attained, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

from root `gam` with prefix `upa` and `ā`

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied feminine subject.

क्षीण-तोया (kṣīṇa-toyā) - in depleted water (as part of the simile) (having depleted water, waterless)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣīṇatoyā

kṣīṇatoyā - having little water, whose water is dried up

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+toya)

• kṣīṇa – depleted, wasted, destroyed, emaciated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root `kṣī`
  Root: kṣī (class 1)
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `śapharī`.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison.

शफरी (śapharī) - a small fish (a small fish, minnow, carp)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śapharī

śapharī - a small fish, minnow, carp

Note: The subject of the simile.

विवर्तन-परायणा (vivartana-parāyaṇā) - solely engaged in desperate struggle (intent on struggling, devoted to turning about)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vivartanaparāyaṇā

vivartanaparāyaṇā - intent on turning, devoted to wriggling/struggle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vivartana+parāyaṇa)

• vivartana – turning about, revolving, wriggling, struggle
  noun (neuter)
  from root `vṛt` with prefix `vi`
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – chief aim, refuge, devoted to, intent on
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies the implied feminine subject, also applies to `śapharī` in the simile.

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