योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-30, verse-109

जडगतेरवलोकय शक्ततां निजपदस्मरणेन विनेह चित् ।
व्रजति कष्टमधः पतनाय या यदरघट्टघटीघनपीठवत् ॥ १०९ ॥

jaḍagateravalokaya śaktatāṃ nijapadasmaraṇena vineha cit ,
vrajati kaṣṭamadhaḥ patanāya yā yadaraghaṭṭaghaṭīghanapīṭhavat 109

109. jaḍagateḥ avalokaya śaktatām
nijapadasmaraṇena vinā iha cit |
vrajati kaṣṭam adhaḥ patanāya yā
yat araghaṭṭaghaṭīghanapīṭhavat

109. cit iha nijapadasmaraṇena vinā jaḍagateḥ śaktatām avalokaya yā kaṣṭam adhaḥ patanāya vrajati,
yat araghaṭṭaghaṭīghanapīṭhavat

109. O consciousness (cit), observe the power of inert existence. Here, without remembering its own true state, it falls into misery, descending downwards, just like the dense bucket of a water-wheel.

Words meanings summery:

• जडगतेः (jaḍagateḥ) - of inert existence (of inertness, of dullness, of the inert state)

• अवलोकय (avalokaya) - observe (observe, look at, perceive)

• शक्तताम् (śaktatām) - power (power, capacity, strength, ability)

• निजपदस्मरणेन (nijapadasmaraṇena) - by remembering its own true state (by the remembrance of one's own state, by remembering one's own position/nature)

• विना (vinā) - without (without, except, apart from)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

• चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, pure intelligence, mind)

• व्रजति (vrajati) - falls into (goes, moves, proceeds, falls into)

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - misery (misery, difficulty, pain, suffering)

• अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards (downwards, below, underneath)

• पतनाय (patanāya) - for falling (for falling, for descent)

• या (yā) - which (referring to `cit`) (who, which (feminine))

• यत् (yat) - just as (as, just as, that which)

• अरघट्टघटीघनपीठवत् (araghaṭṭaghaṭīghanapīṭhavat) - like the dense bucket of a water-wheel (like the dense platform/bucket of a water-drawing machine)

Words meanings and morphology

जडगतेः (jaḍagateḥ) - of inert existence (of inertness, of dullness, of the inert state)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of jaḍagati

jaḍagati - inert state, dullness, inert motion, inert being

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaḍa+gati)

• jaḍa – inert, dull, senseless
  adjective (masculine)
• gati – motion, course, state, condition, going
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

अवलोकय (avalokaya) - observe (observe, look at, perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of avalokay

imperative, active

2nd person singular imperative, active voice. Causative form of root `lok` with prefix `ava`.

Prefix: ava

Root: lok (class 10)

शक्तताम् (śaktatām) - power (power, capacity, strength, ability)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śaktatā

śaktatā - power, capacity, ability, strength

Derived from `śakta` (able, capable) with suffix `-tā` (abstract noun).

निजपदस्मरणेन (nijapadasmaraṇena) - by remembering its own true state (by the remembrance of one's own state, by remembering one's own position/nature)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nijapadasmaraṇa

nijapadasmaraṇa - remembrance of one's own state/nature/place

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nija+pada+smaraṇa)

• nija – own, one's own, native
  adjective (masculine)
• pada – step, foot, state, position, nature
  noun (neuter)
• smaraṇa – remembering, memory, remembrance
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root `smṛ`.
  Root: smṛ (class 1)

विना (vinā) - without (without, except, apart from)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, pure intelligence, mind)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of cit

cit - consciousness, pure intelligence, mind, thought

Root: cit (class 1)

व्रजति (vrajati) - falls into (goes, moves, proceeds, falls into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vraj

present active

3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice (parasmaipada).

Root: vraj (class 1)

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - misery (misery, difficulty, pain, suffering)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - misery, pain, difficulty; bad, painful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `kaś` (to suffer, torment). Used here as a neuter noun.

Root: kaś

Note: Object of `vrajati` in the sense of 'falls into'.

अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards (downwards, below, underneath)

(indeclinable)

पतनाय (patanāya) - for falling (for falling, for descent)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, descending, fall, descent

action noun

Derived from root `pat` (to fall) with suffix `-ana`.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

या (yā) - which (referring to `cit`) (who, which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Refers to `cit`.

यत् (yat) - just as (as, just as, that which)

(indeclinable)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of `yad`, used adverbially.

अरघट्टघटीघनपीठवत् (araghaṭṭaghaṭīghanapīṭhavat) - like the dense bucket of a water-wheel (like the dense platform/bucket of a water-drawing machine)

(indeclinable)

Similative suffix `-vat` (like) attached to the compound `araghaṭṭaghaṭīghanapīṭha`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (araghaṭṭa+ghaṭī+ghana+pīṭha)

• araghaṭṭa – water-drawing machine, Persian wheel
  noun (masculine)
• ghaṭī – pot, pitcher, bucket, container
  noun (feminine)
• ghana – dense, thick, solid; cloud, iron
  adjective (masculine)
• pīṭha – seat, stool, platform, base, a kind of container
  noun (neuter)