योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-93, verse-21

विचारोत्थात्मविज्ञानं ज्ञानमंग विदुर्बुधाः ।
ज्ञेयं तस्यान्तरेवास्ति माधुर्यं पयसो यथा ॥ २१ ॥

vicārotthātmavijñānaṃ jñānamaṃga vidurbudhāḥ ,
jñeyaṃ tasyāntarevāsti mādhuryaṃ payaso yathā 21

21. vicārotthātmavijñānam jñānam aṅga viduḥ budhāḥ
jñeyam tasya antare eva asti māduryam payasaḥ yathā

21. aṅga budhāḥ vicārotthātmavijñānam jñānam viduḥ
jñeyam tasya antare eva asti yathā payasaḥ māduryam

21. O dear one, the wise (budhāḥ) understand that the spiritual knowledge (vijñāna) of the self (ātman) which arises from inquiry (vicāra) is indeed true knowledge (jñāna). Just as the sweetness is inherent within milk, so too the object of knowledge (jñeya) resides within that very knowledge.

Words meanings summery:

• विचारोत्थात्मविज्ञानम् (vicārotthātmavijñānam) - the special knowledge of the self (ātman) arising from inquiry

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge

• अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, my friend (vocative particle)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise, intelligent ones

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - the knowable, the object of knowledge

• तस्य (tasya) - of that knowledge (jñāna) (of that)

• अन्तरे (antare) - within, inside

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• मादुर्यम् (māduryam) - sweetness

• पयसः (payasaḥ) - of milk (of milk, of water, of fluid)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

Words meanings and morphology

विचारोत्थात्मविज्ञानम् (vicārotthātmavijñānam) - the special knowledge of the self (ātman) arising from inquiry

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vicārotthātmavijñāna

vicārotthātmavijñāna - special knowledge of the self (ātman) arising from inquiry

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vicārottha+ātma+vijñāna)

• vicārottha – arising from inquiry
  adjective
  compound of 'vicāra' (inquiry) and 'uttha' (arisen), where 'uttha' is from 'ud-' + root 'sthā'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• vijñāna – special knowledge, understanding, spiritual knowledge
  noun (neuter)
  from 'vi-' + root 'jñā' (to know)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as the subject of 'viduḥ'.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom

from root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'vicārotthātmavijñānam'.

अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, my friend (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (semantic) / perfect (grammatical) (lit) of vid

Perfect Active

from root 'vid' (Class 2, also irregularly Perfect), 3rd person plural

Root: vid (class 2)

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise, intelligent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person

from root 'budh' (to know)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'viduḥ'.

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - the knowable, the object of knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - knowable, to be known, object of knowledge

Gerundive

from root 'jñā' with suffix '-ya'

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the implied 'asti'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that knowledge (jñāna) (of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

अन्तरे (antare) - within, inside

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, middle, interval

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

from root 'as'

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Governs 'jñeyam'.

मादुर्यम् (māduryam) - sweetness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mādhurya

mādhurya - sweetness, charm

from 'madhura' (sweet) + suffix '-ya'

Note: Subject of the implied 'asti' in the comparison.

पयसः (payasaḥ) - of milk (of milk, of water, of fluid)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of payas

payas - milk, water, fluid

Note: Qualifies 'māduryam'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)