योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-93, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
मनागपि विचारेण चेतसः स्वस्य निग्रहः ।
मनागपि कृतो येन तेनाप्तं जन्मनः फलम् ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
manāgapi vicāreṇa cetasaḥ svasya nigrahaḥ ,
manāgapi kṛto yena tenāptaṃ janmanaḥ phalam 1

1. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca | manāk api vicāreṇa cetasaḥ svasya
nigrahaḥ | manāk api kṛtaḥ yena tena āptam janmanaḥ phalam ||

1. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca yena manāk api vicāreṇa svasya cetasaḥ nigrahaḥ manāk api kṛtaḥ,
tena janmanaḥ phalam āptam

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: Even a slight restraint of one's own mind (cetas) through inquiry (vicāra), if achieved by someone, that person has attained the fruit of birth.

Words meanings summery:

• श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - the revered sage Vasiṣṭha, speaker of these verses (Vasiṣṭha, the venerable sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - introducing the sage Vasiṣṭha's teaching (said, spoke)

• मनाक् (manāk) - emphasizing that even a minimal effort is fruitful (a little, slightly, even a little)

• अपि (api) - highlighting that *even* a small degree of effort is significant (even, also, too)

• विचारेण (vicāreṇa) - the method of mental discipline involves introspective analysis and contemplation (by means of inquiry, through reflection)

• चेतसः (cetasaḥ) - pertaining to one's own internal faculty of thought and feeling (of the mind, of consciousness)

• स्वस्य (svasya) - emphasizing personal ownership or connection to the mind being restrained (of one's own, self's)

• निग्रहः (nigrahaḥ) - the act of controlling and disciplining the mind (restraint, control, subjugation)

• मनाक् (manāk) - reiterates that even a minimal effort is fruitful (a little, slightly, even a little)

• अपि (api) - highlighting that *even* a small degree of effort is significant (even, also, too)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - if restraint has been performed (done, made, performed)

• येन (yena) - introducing the agent of the action of restraint (by whom, by which)

• तेन (tena) - referring back to the person who achieved the restraint (by him, by that (person))

• आप्तम् (āptam) - has been obtained (the fruit of birth) (obtained, reached, attained)

• जन्मनः (janmanaḥ) - pertaining to the purpose or outcome of being born into human existence (of birth, of existence)

• फलम् (phalam) - the ultimate purpose or reward of human life, which is spiritual realization (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

Words meanings and morphology

श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - the revered sage Vasiṣṭha, speaker of these verses (Vasiṣṭha, the venerable sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī-vasiṣṭha

śrī-vasiṣṭha - the venerable Vasiṣṭha

Compound of `śrī` (revered) and `vasiṣṭha` (name of a sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – venerable, sacred, glorious
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - introducing the sage Vasiṣṭha's teaching (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Third person singular perfect active form of root `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

मनाक् (manāk) - emphasizing that even a minimal effort is fruitful (a little, slightly, even a little)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial modifier for `nigrahaḥ`.

अपि (api) - highlighting that *even* a small degree of effort is significant (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `manāk`.

विचारेण (vicāreṇa) - the method of mental discipline involves introspective analysis and contemplation (by means of inquiry, through reflection)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - inquiry, investigation, examination, reflection, deliberation

From root `car` (to move) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which `nigrahaḥ` (restraint) is achieved.

चेतसः (cetasaḥ) - pertaining to one's own internal faculty of thought and feeling (of the mind, of consciousness)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, intellect, consciousness, heart

From root `cit` (to perceive, understand).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Possessive, modifying `nigrahaḥ`.

स्वस्य (svasya) - emphasizing personal ownership or connection to the mind being restrained (of one's own, self's)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property

Note: Modifies `cetasaḥ`.

निग्रहः (nigrahaḥ) - the act of controlling and disciplining the mind (restraint, control, subjugation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, control, suppression, subjugation

From root `grah` (to seize, hold) with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Subject of the implied verb (e.g., 'is done').

मनाक् (manāk) - reiterates that even a minimal effort is fruitful (a little, slightly, even a little)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial modifier for `kṛtaḥ`.

अपि (api) - highlighting that *even* a small degree of effort is significant (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `manāk`.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - if restraint has been performed (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies `nigrahaḥ`.

येन (yena) - introducing the agent of the action of restraint (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Connects to the correlative pronoun `tena`.

तेन (tena) - referring back to the person who achieved the restraint (by him, by that (person))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlative pronoun to `yena`.

आप्तम् (āptam) - has been obtained (the fruit of birth) (obtained, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āpta

āpta - obtained, reached, attained, trustworthy

Past Passive Participle

From root `āp` (to obtain, reach) with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies `phalam`.

जन्मनः (janmanaḥ) - pertaining to the purpose or outcome of being born into human existence (of birth, of existence)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, existence, life

From root `jan` (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Possessive, modifying `phalam`.

फलम् (phalam) - the ultimate purpose or reward of human life, which is spiritual realization (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, advantage

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is attained'.