महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-45, verse-42

महास्वनां महाघण्टां द्योतमानां सितप्रभाम् ।
तरुणादित्यवर्णां च पताकां भरतर्षभ ॥४२॥

42. mahāsvanāṁ mahāghaṇṭāṁ dyotamānāṁ sitaprabhām ,
taruṇādityavarṇāṁ ca patākāṁ bharatarṣabha.

42. mahāsvanām mahāghaṇṭām dyotamānām sitaprabhām
taruṇādityavarṇām ca patākām bharatarṣabha

42. O best of Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), [he gave him] a flag that possessed a mighty sound, a great bell, was radiant with white brilliance, and had the color of the rising sun.

Words meanings summery:

• महास्वनाम् (mahāsvanām) - with a great sound, having a mighty roar

• महाघण्टाम् (mahāghaṇṭām) - with a great bell, having a large bell

• द्योतमानाम् (dyotamānām) - shining, glittering, illuminating

• सितप्रभाम् (sitaprabhām) - having white brilliance, radiant with white light

• तरुणादित्यवर्णाम् (taruṇādityavarṇām) - of the color of the young/rising sun

• च (ca) - and

• पताकाम् (patākām) - a flag, a banner

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Rama (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

महास्वनाम् (mahāsvanām) - with a great sound, having a mighty roar

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahāsvana

mahāsvana - having a great sound, mighty-sounding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+svana)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From root SVAN (to sound)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Modifies `patākām`.

महाघण्टाम् (mahāghaṇṭām) - with a great bell, having a large bell

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahāghaṇṭā

mahāghaṇṭā - having a great bell

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ghaṇṭā)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ghaṇṭā – bell
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies `patākām`.

द्योतमानाम् (dyotamānām) - shining, glittering, illuminating

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dyotamāna

dyotamāna - shining, bright, glittering

Present Middle Participle

Root DYUT (to shine) + śānac suffix, feminine accusative singular

Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Modifies `patākām`.

सितप्रभाम् (sitaprabhām) - having white brilliance, radiant with white light

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sitaprabhā

sitaprabhā - having white brilliance, white-shining

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sita+prabhā)

• sita – white, fair, bright
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ŚYAI (to whiten, to freeze)
  Root: śyai (class 1)
• prabhā – splendor, light, radiance, brilliance
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Modifies `patākām`.

तरुणादित्यवर्णाम् (taruṇādityavarṇām) - of the color of the young/rising sun

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of taruṇādityavarṇa

taruṇādityavarṇa - having the color of the rising sun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (taruṇa+āditya+varṇa)

• taruṇa – young, rising (sun), fresh
  adjective (masculine)
• āditya – the sun, a son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• varṇa – color, hue, form
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `patākām`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पताकाम् (patākām) - a flag, a banner

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patākā

patākā - flag, banner, ensign

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Rama (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rama.