महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-96

दम्भं मोहं मत्सरं पापकृत्यं राजद्विष्टं पैशुनं पूगवैरम् ।
मत्तोन्मत्तैर्दुर्जनैश्चापि वादं यः प्रज्ञावान्वर्जयेत्स प्रधानः ॥९६॥

96. dambhaṁ mohaṁ matsaraṁ pāpakṛtyaṁ; rājadviṣṭaṁ paiśunaṁ pūgavairam ,
mattonmattairdurjanaiścāpi vādaṁ; yaḥ prajñāvānvarjayetsa pradhānaḥ.

96. dambham moham matsaram pāpakṛtyam
rājadvistam paiśunam pūgavairam
mattonmattaiḥ durjanaiḥ ca api vādam
yaḥ prajñāvān varjayet sa pradhānaḥ

96. That discerning individual who avoids hypocrisy, delusion, envy, sinful acts, actions hostile to the king, malicious slander, group enmity, and disputes with the intoxicated, insane, or wicked—that person is preeminent.

Words meanings summery:

• दम्भम् (dambham) - hypocrisy, deceit, pride

• मोहम् (moham) - delusion, infatuation, confusion

• मत्सरम् (matsaram) - envy, jealousy, stinginess

• पापकृत्यम् (pāpakṛtyam) - sinful act, evil deed

• राजद्विस्तम् (rājadvistam) - hostile to the king, disliked by the king

• पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - malice, slander, backbiting

• पूगवैरम् (pūgavairam) - hostility towards groups/assemblies, collective enmity

• मत्तोन्मत्तैः (mattonmattaiḥ) - with intoxicated and insane people

• दुर्जनैः (durjanaiḥ) - with wicked people, with evil persons

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वादम् (vādam) - argument, dispute, discussion

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• प्रज्ञावान् (prajñāvān) - wise, discerning, intelligent

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should abandon

• स (sa) - he, that one

• प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - preeminent, chief, principal, important

Words meanings and morphology

दम्भम् (dambham) - hypocrisy, deceit, pride

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dambha

dambha - hypocrisy, deceit, pride, boastfulness

मोहम् (moham) - delusion, infatuation, confusion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, confusion, folly

Root: muh (class 4)

मत्सरम् (matsaram) - envy, jealousy, stinginess

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matsara

matsara - envy, jealousy, malice, stinginess

पापकृत्यम् (pāpakṛtyam) - sinful act, evil deed

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpakṛtya

pāpakṛtya - sinful act, evil deed

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+kṛtya)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• kṛtya – act, deed, duty, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजद्विस्तम् (rājadvistam) - hostile to the king, disliked by the king

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājadvista

rājadvista - hostile to the king, hated by the king

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √dviṣ with rāja (king)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+dviṣṭa)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• dviṣṭa – hated, hostile
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √dviṣ 'to hate'
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: It qualifies "pāpakṛtyam" (sinful act), hence neuter accusative.

पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - malice, slander, backbiting

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paiśuna

paiśuna - malice, slander, backbiting, treachery

derived from piśuna (malicious)

पूगवैरम् (pūgavairam) - hostility towards groups/assemblies, collective enmity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūgavaira

pūgavaira - hostility towards groups, collective enmity

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūga+vaira)

• pūga – multitude, group, association, guild
  noun (masculine)
• vaira – enmity, hostility, revenge
  noun (neuter)

मत्तोन्मत्तैः (mattonmattaiḥ) - with intoxicated and insane people

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mattonmatta

mattonmatta - intoxicated and insane

Compound type : dvandva (matta+unmatta)

• matta – intoxicated, drunk, passionate
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √mad 'to be intoxicated'
  Root: mad (class 4)
• unmatta – mad, insane, frantic
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √mad with prefix ut-
  Prefix: ut
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Refers to persons.

दुर्जनैः (durjanaiḥ) - with wicked people, with evil persons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durjana

durjana - wicked person, evil person

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dus+jana)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

वादम् (vādam) - argument, dispute, discussion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāda

vāda - statement, argument, dispute, doctrine

derived from √vad 'to speak'

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'varjayet'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

प्रज्ञावान् (prajñāvān) - wise, discerning, intelligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajñāvat

prajñāvat - wise, intelligent, discerning

suffixed with -vat (possessive)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should abandon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of varjayet

optative, active voice, 3rd person singular of √vṛj (10P) 'to abandon, shun'

Root: vṛj (class 10)

स (sa) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to 'yaḥ'.

प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - preeminent, chief, principal, important

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, preeminent, most important, primary matter (in Sāṅkhya)

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, 'he is preeminent'.