महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-45

एकः स्वादु न भुञ्जीत एकश्चार्थान्न चिन्तयेत् ।
एको न गच्छेदध्वानं नैकः सुप्तेषु जागृयात् ॥४५॥

45. ekaḥ svādu na bhuñjīta ekaścārthānna cintayet ,
eko na gacchedadhvānaṁ naikaḥ supteṣu jāgṛyāt.

45. ekaḥ svādu na bhuñjīta ekaḥ ca arthān na cintayet
ekaḥ na gacchet adhvanam na ekaḥ supteṣu jāgṛyāt

45. One should not enjoy delicious food alone. One should not ponder important affairs alone. One should not travel alone, and one should not remain awake when others are sleeping.

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

• स्वादु (svādu) - delicious food (tasty, delicious, sweet)

• न (na) - not, no

• भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat, should enjoy

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अर्थान् (arthān) - important affairs (matters, objects, wealth, affairs)

• न (na) - not, no

• चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - should think, should ponder

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

• न (na) - not, no

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go, should travel

• अध्वनम् (adhvanam) - on a journey (path, road, journey)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

• सुप्तेषु (supteṣu) - among those sleeping, among the sleeping ones

• जागृयात् (jāgṛyāt) - should wake, should remain awake

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

स्वादु (svādu) - delicious food (tasty, delicious, sweet)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svādu

svādu - tasty, sweet, pleasant

Root: svad (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as 'tasty thing'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat, should enjoy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: From bhuj (7th class, atmanepada).

एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अर्थान् (arthān) - important affairs (matters, objects, wealth, affairs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object, affair

Root: ṛ (class 5)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - should think, should ponder

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of cint

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: From cint (10th class).

एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go, should travel

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

अध्वनम् (adhvanam) - on a journey (path, road, journey)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, journey

Note: Used adverbially for 'on a journey'.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one person, alone (one, a single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

सुप्तेषु (supteṣu) - among those sleeping, among the sleeping ones

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of supta

supta - slept, asleep

Past Passive Participle

From root svap.

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Used substantively as 'those who are sleeping'.

जागृयात् (jāgṛyāt) - should wake, should remain awake

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jāgṛ

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)