महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-22

क्षिप्रं विजानाति चिरं शृणोति विज्ञाय चार्थं भजते न कामात् ।
नासंपृष्टो व्युपयुङ्क्ते परार्थे तत्प्रज्ञानं प्रथमं पण्डितस्य ॥२२॥

22. kṣipraṁ vijānāti ciraṁ śṛṇoti; vijñāya cārthaṁ bhajate na kāmāt ,
nāsaṁpṛṣṭo vyupayuṅkte parārthe; tatprajñānaṁ prathamaṁ paṇḍitasya.

22. kṣipram vijānāti ciram śṛṇoti
vijñāya ca artham bhajate na kāmāt na
asaṃpṛṣṭaḥ vyupayuṅkte parārthe
tat prajñānam prathamam paṇḍitasya

22. A wise (paṇḍita) person quickly comprehends and listens patiently. After discerning the true purpose (artha), he pursues it, not driven by desire (kāma). He does not offer counsel for the sake of others unless asked. This is the foremost mark of a wise (paṇḍita) person's wisdom (prajñāna).

Words meanings summery:

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

• विजानाति (vijānāti) - he understands, he knows, he discerns

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - he hears, he listens

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood, having known

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अर्थम् (artham) - meaning, purpose, object, wealth

• भजते (bhajate) - he pursues, he resorts to, he serves

• न (na) - not, no

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire, due to desire

• न (na) - not, no

• असंपृष्टः (asaṁpṛṣṭaḥ) - unasked, unquestioned

• व्युपयुङ्क्ते (vyupayuṅkte) - he uses, he employs, he applies

• परार्थे (parārthe) - for the sake of others, for others' benefit, in another's cause

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - wisdom, knowledge, understanding

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, foremost, primary

• पण्डितस्य (paṇḍitasya) - of a wise person, of a scholar

Words meanings and morphology

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially (accusative singular neuter as adverb).

विजानाति (vijānāti) - he understands, he knows, he discerns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vijñā

Present Active

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially (accusative singular neuter as adverb).

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - he hears, he listens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śru

Present Active

Root: śru (class 5)

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood, having known

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from vi + jñā (to know) + -ya suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अर्थम् (artham) - meaning, purpose, object, wealth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, object

भजते (bhajate) - he pursues, he resorts to, he serves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhaj

Present Middle

Root: bhaj (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire, due to desire

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure

from root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

असंपृष्टः (asaṁpṛṣṭaḥ) - unasked, unquestioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃpṛṣṭa

asaṁpṛṣṭa - unasked, not questioned, unaddressed

Past Passive Participle

negation of saṃpṛṣṭa (from saṃ + pṛc - to ask)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃpṛṣṭa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• saṃpṛṣṭa – asked, questioned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from saṃ + pṛc (to ask)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pṛc (class 7)

Note: Qualifies an implied subject (the wise person).

व्युपयुङ्क्ते (vyupayuṅkte) - he uses, he employs, he applies

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vyupayuṅj

Present Middle

from vi + upa + yuj (to join, apply)

Prefixes: vi+upa

Root: yuj (class 7)

परार्थे (parārthe) - for the sake of others, for others' benefit, in another's cause

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parārtha

parārtha - purpose/sake of another, benefit of others

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (para+artha)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective
• artha – purpose, meaning, benefit, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the preceding description of a wise person.

प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - wisdom, knowledge, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prajñāna

prajñāna - wisdom, knowledge, understanding, intelligence

from pra + jñā (to know) + -ana suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, foremost, primary

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, primary, principal

Note: Agrees with 'prajñānam'.

पण्डितस्य (paṇḍitasya) - of a wise person, of a scholar

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, teacher