महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-84

अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
पुत्रार्थमसुरेन्द्रेण गीतं चैव सुधन्वना ॥८४॥

84. atraivodāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
putrārthamasurendreṇa gītaṁ caiva sudhanvanā.

84. atra eva udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
putrārtham asurendreṇa gītam ca eva sudhanvanā

84. In this regard, they recount this ancient narrative (itihāsa), which was recited by the lord of asuras for the sake of a son, and indeed, also by Sudhanvan.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - In this context or regard. (here, in this place, in this matter)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they state, they illustrate, they recount

• इमम् (imam) - Refers to the narrative (itihāsa). (this)

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - ancient narrative, legend, history, epic (itihāsa)

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - Qualifies the narrative (itihāsa). (ancient, old, primeval)

• पुत्रार्थम् (putrārtham) - for the sake of a son, for a son

• असुरेन्द्रेण (asurendreṇa) - Refers to a specific demon lord. (by the lord of asuras, by the chief of demons)

• गीतम् (gītam) - Qualifies the narrative (itihāsa). (sung, recited, chanted)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• सुधन्वना (sudhanvanā) - Refers to the sage Sudhanvan. (by Sudhanvan)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - In this context or regard. (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from `idam` (this).

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they state, they illustrate, they recount

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Present Tense

From root `hṛ` with prefixes `ud-ā`.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - Refers to the narrative (itihāsa). (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Masculine accusative singular of `idam`.

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - ancient narrative, legend, history, epic (itihāsa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - legend, history, epic, traditional narrative (itihāsa)

From `iti ha āsa` (thus indeed it was).

Root: as (class 2)

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - Qualifies the narrative (itihāsa). (ancient, old, primeval)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, primeval

From `purā` (formerly) + `tana` suffix.

Note: Agrees with `itihāsam`.

पुत्रार्थम् (putrārtham) - for the sake of a son, for a son

(indeclinable)

Compound. `putra` (son) + `artha` (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+artha)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative of `putrārtha`.

असुरेन्द्रेण (asurendreṇa) - Refers to a specific demon lord. (by the lord of asuras, by the chief of demons)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asurendra

asurendra - lord of asuras, chief of demons

Compound: `asura` (demon) + `indra` (chief, lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (asura+indra)

• asura – demon, evil spirit
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

गीतम् (gītam) - Qualifies the narrative (itihāsa). (sung, recited, chanted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, recited, song

Past Passive Participle

From root `gai` (to sing).

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `itihāsam` (masculine accusative singular).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सुधन्वना (sudhanvanā) - Refers to the sage Sudhanvan. (by Sudhanvan)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sudhanvan

sudhanvan - Sudhanvan (name of a sage or warrior)

From `su` (good) + `dhanvan` (bow, archer). 'Having a good bow'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+dhanvan)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• dhanvan – bow, archer, strong
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental singular of `sudhanvan`.