महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-68

अरक्षितारं राजानं भार्यां चाप्रियवादिनीम् ।
ग्रामकामं च गोपालं वनकामं च नापितम् ॥६८॥

68. arakṣitāraṁ rājānaṁ bhāryāṁ cāpriyavādinīm ,
grāmakāmaṁ ca gopālaṁ vanakāmaṁ ca nāpitam.

68. arakṣitāram rājānam bhāryām ca apriyavādinīm
grāmakāmam ca gopālam vanakāmam ca nāpitam

68. (These six are:) a king who does not protect, a wife who speaks unpleasantly, a cowherd who desires the village, and a barber who desires the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• अरक्षितारम् (arakṣitāram) - one who does not protect

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king, ruler

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife, consort

• च (ca) - and, also

• अप्रियवादिनीम् (apriyavādinīm) - one who speaks unpleasantly, disagreeable speaker

• ग्रामकामम् (grāmakāmam) - one who desires the village

• च (ca) - and, also

• गोपालम् (gopālam) - cowherd, protector of cows

• वनकामम् (vanakāmam) - one who desires the forest

• च (ca) - and, also

• नापितम् (nāpitam) - barber

Words meanings and morphology

अरक्षितारम् (arakṣitāram) - one who does not protect

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arakṣitṛ

arakṣitṛ - non-protector, one who does not guard

Formed with negative prefix a- and agent noun rakṣitṛ (protector)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rakṣitṛ)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• rakṣitṛ – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Agent noun from root rakṣ (to protect)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife, consort

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort

Feminine of bhārya, derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support), literally 'one to be supported'.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अप्रियवादिनीम् (apriyavādinīm) - one who speaks unpleasantly, disagreeable speaker

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apriyavādinī

apriyavādinī - a woman who speaks unpleasantly or unkindly

Feminine of apriyavādin. Formed from a- (not), priya (pleasant) and vādin (speaker).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priyavādinī)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective
• vādin – speaking, saying, speaker
  participle (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhāryām.

ग्रामकामम् (grāmakāmam) - one who desires the village

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of grāmakāma

grāmakāma - desirous of the village

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (grāma+kāma)

• grāma – village, community
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with gopālam.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गोपालम् (gopālam) - cowherd, protector of cows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gopāla

gopāla - cowherd, protector of cows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+pāla)

• go – cow, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

वनकामम् (vanakāmam) - one who desires the forest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanakāma

vanakāma - desirous of the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+kāma)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nāpitam.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नापितम् (nāpitam) - barber

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāpita

nāpita - barber