महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-102

य आत्मनापत्रपते भृशं नरः स सर्वलोकस्य गुरुर्भवत्युत ।
अनन्ततेजाः सुमनाः समाहितः स्वतेजसा सूर्य इवावभासते ॥१०२॥

102. ya ātmanāpatrapate bhṛśaṁ naraḥ; sa sarvalokasya gururbhavatyuta ,
anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ; svatejasā sūrya ivāvabhāsate.

102. yaḥ ātmanā apatrapate bhṛśaṃ naraḥ
saḥ sarvalokasya guruḥ bhavati
uta anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ
svatejasā sūryaḥ iva avabhāsate

102. The man who is greatly ashamed of himself (ātman) indeed becomes the teacher (guru) of all people. Possessing infinite radiance, with a good mind, and perfectly composed, he shines with his own splendor like the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by himself (ātman) (by the self, by oneself)

• अपत्रपते (apatrapate) - is ashamed (is ashamed, blushes)

• भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - greatly (greatly, exceedingly, strongly)

• नरः (naraḥ) - man (man, person)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all people (of all people/worlds)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher (guru) (teacher, venerable person, heavy)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, exists, is)

• उत (uta) - indeed (and, also, indeed, moreover)

• अनन्ततेजाः (anantatejāḥ) - possessing infinite radiance (possessing infinite splendor/energy)

• सुमनाः (sumanāḥ) - with a good mind (well-minded, benevolent, happy)

• समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - perfectly composed, concentrated (composed, concentrated, absorbed, collected)

• स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - with his own splendor (by his own splendor/radiance)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun (sun)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अवभासते (avabhāsate) - shines (shines, appears, becomes visible)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Subject of apatrapate.

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by himself (ātman) (by the self, by oneself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, supreme soul (ātman)

Root: an (class 2)

अपत्रपते (apatrapate) - is ashamed (is ashamed, blushes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of apatrap

Present tense

From root trap 'to be ashamed' with prefix apa. Ātmāne-pada.

Prefix: apa

Root: trap (class 1)

भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - greatly (greatly, exceedingly, strongly)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of bhṛśa used adverbially.

नरः (naraḥ) - man (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all people (of all people/worlds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvaloka

sarvaloka - all people, all worlds

Compound: sarva (all) + loka (world, people).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people, community
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Possessive, 'of all people'.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher (guru) (teacher, venerable person, heavy)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, venerable person, heavy, important (guru)

Root: gṝ (class 6)

Note: Predicate nominative for saḥ.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, exists, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense

Root bhū (class 1). Parasmi-pada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - indeed (and, also, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Used for emphasis.

अनन्ततेजाः (anantatejāḥ) - possessing infinite radiance (possessing infinite splendor/energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anantatejas

anantatejas - having infinite splendor, of endless energy/power

Bahuvrīhi compound: ananta (endless) + tejas (splendor).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ananta+tejas)

• ananta – endless, infinite, boundless
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of a (negation) and anta (end).
• tejas – splendor, radiance, energy, power, sharpness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Refers to the 'naraḥ'.

सुमनाः (sumanāḥ) - with a good mind (well-minded, benevolent, happy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumanas

sumanas - good-minded, benevolent, happy, cheerful, intelligent

Bahuvrīhi compound: su (good) + manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+manas)

• su – good, well, proper, easy, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'.
  Prefix: su
• manas – mind, intellect, thought, heart
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Refers to the 'naraḥ'.

समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - perfectly composed, concentrated (composed, concentrated, absorbed, collected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - collected, composed, concentrated, fixed, absorbed (in dhyāna or yoga)

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā 'to place' with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the 'naraḥ'.

स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - with his own splendor (by his own splendor/radiance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svatejas

svatejas - one's own splendor, self-radiance

Compound: sva (own) + tejas (splendor).

Compound type : şaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sva+tejas)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, radiance, energy, power, sharpness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Means by 'his own splendor'.

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun (sun)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun god

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Part of the simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Used for comparison.

अवभासते (avabhāsate) - shines (shines, appears, becomes visible)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avabhās

Present tense

From root bhās 'to shine' with prefix ava. Ātmāne-pada.

Prefix: ava

Root: bhās (class 1)

Note: The subject is the implied naraḥ in comparison to sūryaḥ.