महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-20

यस्य संसारिणी प्रज्ञा धर्मार्थावनुवर्तते ।
कामादर्थं वृणीते यः स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥२०॥

20. yasya saṁsāriṇī prajñā dharmārthāvanuvartate ,
kāmādarthaṁ vṛṇīte yaḥ sa vai paṇḍita ucyate.

20. yasya saṃsāriṇī prajñā dharma-arthau anuvartate
kāmāt artham vṛṇīte yaḥ saḥ vai paṇḍitaḥ ucyate

20. He whose worldly understanding (prajñā) pursues both duty (dharma) and material prosperity, and who chooses material gain (artha) over mere sensual desire (kāma), he is truly called a wise (paṇḍita) person.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• संसारिणी (saṁsāriṇī) - worldly, mundane, associated with saṃsāra

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, understanding, intellect

• धर्म-अर्थौ (dharma-arthau) - the two pursuits of duty/natural law (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (duty and purpose, righteousness and wealth)

• अनुवर्तते (anuvartate) - follows, pursues, conforms to

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire, due to desire

• अर्थम् (artham) - purpose, meaning, wealth, material gain

• वृणीते (vṛṇīte) - chooses, selects, prefers

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who, which

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise person, scholar, learned person

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

संसारिणी (saṁsāriṇī) - worldly, mundane, associated with saṃsāra

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃsārin

saṁsārin - moving, circulating, worldly, mundane, undergoing saṃsāra

from saṃsāra (cycle of existence)

Note: Qualifies 'prajñā'.

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, understanding, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment

from pra + jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्म-अर्थौ (dharma-arthau) - the two pursuits of duty/natural law (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (duty and purpose, righteousness and wealth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of dharma-artha

dharma-artha - duty/natural law and material prosperity; the two goals dharma and artha

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)

• dharma – duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  from root dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Dual form of the compound.

अनुवर्तते (anuvartate) - follows, pursues, conforms to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of anuvart

Present Middle

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire, due to desire

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure

from root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

अर्थम् (artham) - purpose, meaning, wealth, material gain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, object

वृणीते (vṛṇīte) - chooses, selects, prefers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛ

Present Middle

Root: vṛ (class 9)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise person, scholar, learned person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, teacher

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)