महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-85

यः काममन्यू प्रजहाति राजा पात्रे प्रतिष्ठापयते धनं च ।
विशेषविच्छ्रुतवान्क्षिप्रकारी तं सर्वलोकः कुरुते प्रमाणम् ॥८५॥

85. yaḥ kāmamanyū prajahāti rājā; pātre pratiṣṭhāpayate dhanaṁ ca ,
viśeṣavicchrutavānkṣiprakārī; taṁ sarvalokaḥ kurute pramāṇam.

85. yaḥ kāmamanyū prajahāti rājā
pātre pratiṣṭhāpayate dhanam ca
viśeṣavit śrutavān kṣiprakārī
tam sarvalokaḥ kurute pramāṇam

85. That king who forsakes desire (kāma) and anger, and bestows wealth upon a deserving person; he who is discerning, learned, and prompt in action—all people consider him an authority.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• काममन्यू (kāmamanyū) - Refers to the two undesirable passions. (desire and anger (kāma and manyu))

• प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons, forsakes, gives up

• राजा (rājā) - a king, ruler

• पात्रे (pātre) - In a deserving or worthy recipient (of donations). (in a vessel, in a recipient, in a deserving person)

• प्रतिष्ठापयते (pratiṣṭhāpayate) - bestows (wealth). (establishes, places, bestows, causes to stand)

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

• च (ca) - and, also

• विशेषवित् (viśeṣavit) - discerning, one who knows distinctions, skilled

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - learned, knowledgeable, having heard (much scripture)

• क्षिप्रकारी (kṣiprakārī) - swift in action, prompt, acting quickly

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the king described by the relative clause. (him, that (accusative))

• सर्वलोकः (sarvalokaḥ) - all people, the entire world

• कुरुते (kurute) - Considers him (as an authority). (makes, does, performs, considers)

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - As an authority or a reliable source. (authority, standard, evidence, measure)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Masculine nominative singular of `yad`.

काममन्यू (kāmamanyū) - Refers to the two undesirable passions. (desire and anger (kāma and manyu))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāmamanyu

kāmamanyu - desire and anger

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (kāma+manyu)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, lust (kāma)
  noun (masculine)
• manyu – anger, wrath, passion, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative dual of `kāmamanyu`.

प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons, forsakes, gives up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prahā

Present Tense

From root `hā` (to abandon) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: The root `hā` is reduplicated.

राजा (rājā) - a king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular of `rājan`.

पात्रे (pātre) - In a deserving or worthy recipient (of donations). (in a vessel, in a recipient, in a deserving person)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pātra

pātra - vessel, container, recipient, deserving person, suitable person

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Locative singular of `pātra`.

प्रतिष्ठापयते (pratiṣṭhāpayate) - bestows (wealth). (establishes, places, bestows, causes to stand)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pratiṣṭhāpay

Causative, Present Tense

From root `sthā` with prefix `prati`, in the causative (to cause to stand) and middle voice.

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Causative form.

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

From root `dhā` (to place, hold).

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Accusative singular of `dhana`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

विशेषवित् (viśeṣavit) - discerning, one who knows distinctions, skilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśeṣavid

viśeṣavid - knowing distinctions, discerning, skilled, expert

Compound: `viśeṣa` (distinction) + `vid` (knower, from `vid` to know).

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśeṣa+vid)

• viśeṣa – distinction, difference, peculiarity, specific
  noun (masculine)
• vid – knower, understanding, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `vid` (to know), agent noun.
  Root: vid (class 2)

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - learned, knowledgeable, having heard (much scripture)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - learned, knowing, having heard (much scripture)

Past Active Participle

From root `śru` (to hear) + `ktavat` suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Nominative singular masculine of `śrutavat`.

क्षिप्रकारी (kṣiprakārī) - swift in action, prompt, acting quickly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣiprakārin

kṣiprakārin - swift in action, prompt, acting quickly

Compound: `kṣipra` (swift) + `kārin` (doer, agent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣipra+kārin)

• kṣipra – swift, quick, fast
  adjective (neuter)
• kārin – doer, maker, agent, acting
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `kṛ` (to do) + `ṇin` suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Nominative singular masculine of `kṣiprakārin`.

तम् (tam) - Refers to the king described by the relative clause. (him, that (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Masculine accusative singular of `tad`.

सर्वलोकः (sarvalokaḥ) - all people, the entire world

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvaloka

sarvaloka - all people, the entire world, all creation

Compound: `sarva` (all) + `loka` (world, people).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• loka – world, people, region, folk
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular of `sarvaloka`.

कुरुते (kurute) - Considers him (as an authority). (makes, does, performs, considers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense

From root `kṛ`. Middle voice form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Middle voice.

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - As an authority or a reliable source. (authority, standard, evidence, measure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - authority, standard, evidence, proof, measure, means of knowledge

From `pra` + root `mā` (to measure).

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular of `pramāṇa`.