महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-40

एकः संपन्नमश्नाति वस्ते वासश्च शोभनम् ।
योऽसंविभज्य भृत्येभ्यः को नृशंसतरस्ततः ॥४०॥

40. ekaḥ saṁpannamaśnāti vaste vāsaśca śobhanam ,
yo'saṁvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ ko nṛśaṁsatarastataḥ.

40. ekaḥ sampannam aśnāti vaste vāsaḥ ca śobhanam yaḥ
asaṃvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ kaḥ nṛśaṃsataraḥ tataḥ

40. One who eats excellent food and wears fine clothes without sharing them with his servants (bhṛtya) – who is more cruel than such a person?

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one person (one, a single person)

• सम्पन्नम् (sampannam) - excellent food (excellent, rich, well-prepared, accomplished)

• अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats (eats, consumes, enjoys)

• वस्ते (vaste) - wears (wears, puts on clothes)

• वासः (vāsaḥ) - clothes (clothing, garment, dress)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शोभनम् (śobhanam) - fine (beautiful, fine, auspicious)

• यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)

• असंविभज्य (asaṁvibhajya) - without sharing (without distributing, not having divided)

• भृत्येभ्यः (bhṛtyebhyaḥ) - to his servants (to/from servants, dependents)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• नृशंसतरः (nṛśaṁsataraḥ) - more cruel (more cruel, more brutal, more malicious)

• ततः (tataḥ) - than such a person (thence, from that, than that)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - one person (one, a single person)

(numeral)

सम्पन्नम् (sampannam) - excellent food (excellent, rich, well-prepared, accomplished)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sampanna

sampanna - accomplished, complete, excellent, rich, well-prepared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pad with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats (eats, consumes, enjoys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of aśnāti

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada), class 9.

Root: aś (class 9)

वस्ते (vaste) - wears (wears, puts on clothes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vaste

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada), class 2.

Root: vas (class 2)

वासः (vāsaḥ) - clothes (clothing, garment, dress)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vāsas

vāsas - clothing, garment, dress, vesture

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शोभनम् (śobhanam) - fine (beautiful, fine, auspicious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śobhana

śobhana - beautiful, splendid, auspicious, good, shining

Derived from root śubh (to shine, to be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

असंविभज्य (asaṁvibhajya) - without sharing (without distributing, not having divided)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (negative)

Negation 'a' combined with 'saṃvibhajya', which is an absolutive (gerund) derived from root bhaj with prefixes sam and vi.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃvibhajya)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• saṃvibhajya – having distributed, having divided
  indeclinable
  absolutive
  Derived from root bhaj with prefixes sam and vi.
  Prefixes: sam+vi
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

भृत्येभ्यः (bhṛtyebhyaḥ) - to his servants (to/from servants, dependents)

(noun)

masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, dependent, employee, wage-earner

Gerundive

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support, maintain).

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

नृशंसतरः (nṛśaṁsataraḥ) - more cruel (more cruel, more brutal, more malicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsatara

nṛśaṁsatara - more cruel, more wicked, more malicious

Comparative degree formed by suffix -tara to nṛśaṃsa.

Compound type : suffixal compound (nṛśaṃsa+tara)

• nṛśaṃsa – cruel, wicked, atrocious, brutal
  adjective (masculine)
• tara – more, exceedingly (comparative suffix)
  suffix

ततः (tataḥ) - than such a person (thence, from that, than that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun tad (that).