महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-33, verse-23

नाप्राप्यमभिवाञ्छन्ति नष्टं नेच्छन्ति शोचितुम् ।
आपत्सु च न मुह्यन्ति नराः पण्डितबुद्धयः ॥२३॥

23. nāprāpyamabhivāñchanti naṣṭaṁ necchanti śocitum ,
āpatsu ca na muhyanti narāḥ paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ.

23. na aprāpyam abhivāñchanti naṣṭam na icchanti
śocitum āpatsu ca na muhyanti narāḥ paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ

23. Wise individuals do not long for what is unattainable, nor do they wish to grieve over what is lost. Moreover, they do not become bewildered in times of adversity.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अप्राप्यम् (aprāpyam) - unobtainable, not to be obtained

• अभिवाञ्छन्ति (abhivāñchanti) - they desire, they long for

• नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - lost, perished

• न (na) - not, no

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they wish, they desire

• शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to lament, to grieve

• आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in adversities

• च (ca) - moreover (and, also, moreover)

• न (na) - not, no

• मुह्यन्ति (muhyanti) - they are bewildered, they are confused

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, human beings

• पण्डितबुद्धयः (paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ) - those whose intellect is wise, intelligent persons

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अप्राप्यम् (aprāpyam) - unobtainable, not to be obtained

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aprāpya

aprāpya - unobtainable, unattainable, not to be attained

Gerundive

Formed from a- (negative prefix) + prāpya (gerundive of pra-√āp)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+prāpya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• prāpya – to be obtained, obtainable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of pra-√āp
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

अभिवाञ्छन्ति (abhivāñchanti) - they desire, they long for

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √vāñch

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, 1st conjugation (vāñchati)

Prefix: abhi

Root: vāñch (class 1)

नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - lost, perished

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, destroyed, perished, ruined

Past Passive Participle

From √naś (to perish, to be lost)

Root: naś (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they wish, they desire

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √iṣ

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, 4th conjugation (icchati)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to lament, to grieve

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of √śuc (to grieve, to burn)

Root: śuc (class 1)

आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in adversities

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, adversity, distress

From ā-√pad (to fall into, to reach)

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

च (ca) - moreover (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मुह्यन्ति (muhyanti) - they are bewildered, they are confused

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √muh

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, 4th conjugation (muhyati)

Root: muh (class 4)

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

पण्डितबुद्धयः (paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ) - those whose intellect is wise, intelligent persons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍitabuddhi

paṇḍitabuddhi - wise intellect, having a wise intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (paṇḍita+buddhi)

• paṇḍita – learned, wise, scholar
  adjective (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  From √budh (to know, to understand)
  Root: budh (class 1)