योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-126, verse-43

श्रीराम उवाच ।
मूढस्यासत्कुलोत्थस्य प्रवृत्तस्याधमस्य च ।
अप्राप्तयोगिसङ्गस्य कथमुत्तरणं भवेत् ॥ ४३ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
mūḍhasyāsatkulotthasya pravṛttasyādhamasya ca ,
aprāptayogisaṅgasya kathamuttaraṇaṃ bhavet 43

43. śrīrāma uvāca mūḍhasya asatkuloṭṭhasya pravṛttasya
adhamasya ca aprāptayogisaṅgasya katham uttaraṇam bhavet

43. śrīrāma uvāca.
mūḍhasya asatkuloṭṭhasya pravṛttasya adhamasya ca aprāptayogisaṅgasya uttaraṇam katham bhavet

43. Śrī Rāma said: How can there be liberation (mokṣa) for the ignorant, for one born in a low family, for one deeply engrossed in worldly activities, for the lowest of people, and for one who has not attained the company of a yogi?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma (proper noun) (Lord Rāma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• मूढस्य (mūḍhasya) - of the ignorant (of the foolish, ignorant, bewildered, deluded)

• असत्कुलोट्ठस्य (asatkuloṭṭhasya) - of one born in a low family (of one born in a bad family/lineage, of low birth)

• प्रवृत्तस्य (pravṛttasya) - of one deeply engrossed in worldly activities (of one who is engaged, active, inclined, commenced)

• अधमस्य (adhamasya) - of the lowest of people (of the lowest, vilest, inferior)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अप्राप्तयोगिसङ्गस्य (aprāptayogisaṅgasya) - of one who has not attained the company of a yogi (of one who has not attained the company/association of a yogi)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner, why)

• उत्तरणम् (uttaraṇam) - liberation (mokṣa) (crossing over, surmounting, liberation, salvation)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - can there be, may it be (may it be, should it be, would it be)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma (proper noun) (Lord Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Śrī Rāma (an epithet for Rāma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – glory, prosperity, wealth, divine grace, beauty; an honorific prefix
  noun (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma (name of a prominent deity in Hinduism)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect active indicative

From √vac, perfect form

Root: √vac (class 2)

मूढस्य (mūḍhasya) - of the ignorant (of the foolish, ignorant, bewildered, deluded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, ignorant, bewildered, deluded, stupid

Past Passive Participle

From √muh (to be bewildered, confused)

Root: √muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies an implied janasya or puruṣasya.

असत्कुलोट्ठस्य (asatkuloṭṭhasya) - of one born in a low family (of one born in a bad family/lineage, of low birth)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of asatkuloṭṭha

asatkuloṭṭha - born in a bad or low family/lineage

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asat+kula+uttha)

• asat – not good, bad, evil, non-existent, unreal
  adjective
  From a (not) + sat (good, existing)
• kula – family, lineage, race, house, noble family
  noun (neuter)
• uttha – risen, produced from, born from, originated from
  adjective (masculine)
  From ud-√sthā (to stand up, to rise)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied janasya or puruṣasya.

प्रवृत्तस्य (pravṛttasya) - of one deeply engrossed in worldly activities (of one who is engaged, active, inclined, commenced)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - engaged in, active, commenced, arisen, proceeded

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√vṛt (to turn forth, to engage in)

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied janasya or puruṣasya.

अधमस्य (adhamasya) - of the lowest of people (of the lowest, vilest, inferior)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhama

adhama - lowest, vilest, worst, inferior

Superlative form, often with a sense of 'morally low'.

Note: Qualifies an implied janasya or puruṣasya.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects adhamasya with the preceding adjectives.

अप्राप्तयोगिसङ्गस्य (aprāptayogisaṅgasya) - of one who has not attained the company of a yogi (of one who has not attained the company/association of a yogi)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aprāptayogisaṅga

aprāptayogisaṅga - one who has not obtained the association of a yogi

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aprāpta+yogin+saṅga)

• aprāpta – not obtained, not attained, unreached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From a (not) + pra-√āp (to obtain)
  Prefixes: a+pra
  Root: √āp (class 5)
• yogin – a practitioner of yoga (yoga), an ascetic, a meditator
  noun (masculine)
  From yoga (yoga) + in (suffix for possessor)
• saṅga – association, company, attachment, union
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√gam (to go together, to associate)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied janasya or puruṣasya.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner, why)

(indeclinable)

उत्तरणम् (uttaraṇam) - liberation (mokṣa) (crossing over, surmounting, liberation, salvation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttaraṇa

uttaraṇa - crossing over, surmounting, escaping, deliverance, liberation

Action noun

From ud-√tṛ (to cross over) + ana suffix

Prefix: ud

Root: √tṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of bhavet.

भवेत् (bhavet) - can there be, may it be (may it be, should it be, would it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of √bhū

Optative active

From √bhū, Class 1 bhavati, optative mood.

Root: √bhū (class 1)