योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-126, verse-2

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
प्रवृत्तश्च निवृत्तश्च भवति द्विविधः पुमान् ।
स्वर्गापवर्गोन्मुखयोः शृणु लक्षणमेतयोः ॥ २ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
pravṛttaśca nivṛttaśca bhavati dvividhaḥ pumān ,
svargāpavargonmukhayoḥ śṛṇu lakṣaṇametayoḥ 2

2. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca pravṛttaḥ ca nivṛttaḥ ca bhavati
dvividhaḥ pumān svargāpavargonmukhayoḥ śṛṇu lakṣaṇam etayoḥ

2. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca pumān dvividhaḥ bhavati pravṛttaḥ ca
nivṛttaḥ ca etayoḥ svargāpavargonmukhayoḥ lakṣaṇam śṛṇu

2. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: A person is of two kinds: one engaged in worldly affairs and one disengaged. Now listen to the characteristics of these two, who are inclined towards heaven and ultimate liberation (mokṣa) respectively.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - engaged in worldly affairs or actions (engaged, active, involved)

• च (ca) - and, also

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - disengaged from worldly affairs; renounced (disengaged, retired, ceased)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

• द्विविधः (dvividhaḥ) - of two kinds, twofold

• पुमान् (pumān) - a man, a person

• स्वर्गापवर्गोन्मुखयोः (svargāpavargonmukhayoḥ) - of those facing/inclined towards heaven and liberation

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

• लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic, mark, definition

• एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of these two

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Sage Vasiṣṭha, revered Vasiṣṭha

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, 3rd person singular, perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - engaged in worldly affairs or actions (engaged, active, involved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - engaged, begun, active, proceeded

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + root vṛt (to turn, exist)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used here as a noun referring to 'a person who is engaged'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - disengaged from worldly affairs; renounced (disengaged, retired, ceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - retired, ceased, stopped, disengaged

Past Passive Participle

From ni- + root vṛt (to turn, exist)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used here as a noun referring to 'a person who is disengaged'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active

root bhū, 3rd person singular, present active

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्विविधः (dvividhaḥ) - of two kinds, twofold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvividha

dvividha - of two kinds, twofold

पुमान् (pumān) - a man, a person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pums

pums - man, male, person, spirit

स्वर्गापवर्गोन्मुखयोः (svargāpavargonmukhayoḥ) - of those facing/inclined towards heaven and liberation

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of svargāpavargonmukha

svargāpavargonmukha - inclined towards heaven and liberation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+apavarga+unmukha)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• apavarga – liberation, final emancipation, completion
  noun (masculine)
  From apa- + root vṛj (to abandon, avoid)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: vṛj (class 7)
• unmukha – facing towards, inclined to, intent on
  adjective (masculine)
  From ud + mukha (face).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: mukh (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'of those two' (pravṛtta and nivṛtta).

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active

root śru, 2nd person singular, imperative active

Root: śru (class 5)

लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic, mark, definition

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic, definition

एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of these two

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of etat

etat - this, that