महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-62

यं पश्यन्ति ब्राह्मणाः साधुवृत्ताः क्षीणे पापे मनसा ये विशोकाः ।
स तन्निष्ठस्तपसा धर्ममीड्यं तद्भक्त्या वै विश्वरूपं ददर्श ।
दृष्ट्वा चैनं वाङ्मनोबुद्धिदेहैः संहृष्टात्मा मुमुदे देवदेवम् ॥६२॥

62. yaṁ paśyanti brāhmaṇāḥ sādhuvṛttāḥ; kṣīṇe pāpe manasā ye viśokāḥ ,
sa tanniṣṭhastapasā dharmamīḍyaṁ; tadbhaktyā vai viśvarūpaṁ dadarśa ,
dṛṣṭvā cainaṁ vāṅmanobuddhidehaiḥ; saṁhṛṣṭātmā mumude devadevam.

62. yam paśyanti brāhmaṇāḥ sādhuvṛttāḥ kṣīṇe pāpe manasā
ye viśokāḥ | sa tanniṣṭhaḥ tapasā dharmam īḍyam
tat bhaktyā vai viśvarūpam dadarśa | dṛṣṭvā ca enam
vāṅmanobuddhigehaiḥ saṃhṛṣṭātmā mumude devadevam

62. ye sādhuvṛttāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ kṣīṇe pāpe manasā viśokāḥ yam paśyanti saḥ tanniṣṭhaḥ tapasā īḍyam dharmam dadarśa,
vai tat bhaktyā viśvarūpam dadarśa enam dṛṣṭvā ca,
saṃhṛṣṭātmā,
vāṅmanobuddhigehaiḥ devadevam mumude

62. He is seen by those virtuous Brahmins who, with their sins diminished, are free from sorrow and perceive Him with their mind. A devotee, steadfast in that (divine being), by means of spiritual practice (tapas), beheld the adorable natural law (dharma), and truly, through his devotion (bhakti), he perceived the universal form (viśvarūpa). And having seen Him, with a greatly delighted inner self (ātman), he rejoiced in the God of gods with his entire being – his speech, mind, intellect, and body.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - Him (the Supreme Being) (whom, which)

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they perceive (they see, they perceive)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins (of the priestly class) (Brahmins, knowers of (brahman))

• साधुवृत्ताः (sādhuvṛttāḥ) - of virtuous conduct (of good conduct, virtuous)

• क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - when diminished, when waned (diminished, wasted, withered (locative))

• पापे (pāpe) - when sin (has waned) (in sin, when sin)

• मनसा (manasā) - with their mind (by the mind)

• ये (ye) - who (who (nominative plural))

• विशोकाः (viśokāḥ) - free from sorrow (sorrowless, free from grief)

• स (sa) - He (referring to a devotee, e.g., Arjuna) (he, that)

• तन्निष्ठः (tanniṣṭhaḥ) - devoted to that (divine being) (devoted to that, steadfast in that)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual practice (tapas) (by austerity, by spiritual practice)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the praiseworthy natural law (dharma) ((dharma), natural law, constitution, righteousness)

• ईड्यम् (īḍyam) - praiseworthy, adorable

• तत् (tat) - that (his) (that)

• भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - through his devotion (bhakti) (by devotion, through (bhakti))

• वै (vai) - truly, indeed (indeed, certainly)

• विश्वरूपम् (viśvarūpam) - the universal form (viśvarūpa) (universal form, all-form)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he beheld (he saw, he beheld)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen Him (having seen, having perceived)

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - Him (the God of gods) (him, this one)

• वाङ्मनोबुद्धिगेहैः (vāṅmanobuddhigehaiḥ) - with his entire being – his speech, mind, intellect, and body (with speech, mind, intellect, and body)

• संहृष्टात्मा (saṁhṛṣṭātmā) - with a greatly delighted inner self (ātman) (whose self is greatly delighted, with a delighted self)

• मुमुदे (mumude) - he rejoiced (he rejoiced, he delighted)

• देवदेवम् (devadevam) - the God of gods (the God of gods, the supreme deity)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - Him (the Supreme Being) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they perceive (they see, they perceive)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active

Present tense, third person plural, active voice. Stem 'paśya' is a substitution for 'dṛś' in present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins (of the priestly class) (Brahmins, knowers of (brahman))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to (brahman)

साधुवृत्ताः (sādhuvṛttāḥ) - of virtuous conduct (of good conduct, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhuvṛtta

sādhuvṛtta - of good conduct, virtuous

Compound of 'sādhu' (good, virtuous) and 'vṛtta' (conduct, behavior)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sādhu+vṛtta)

• sādhu – good, righteous, virtuous
  adjective
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, course
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - when diminished, when waned (diminished, wasted, withered (locative))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṣīṇa

kṣīṇa - diminished, wasted, waned, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṣi' (to waste, to diminish)

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Often used in locative absolute constructions. Here, 'when sin has waned'.

पापे (pāpe) - when sin (has waned) (in sin, when sin)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, bad

मनसा (manasā) - with their mind (by the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Root: man (class 4)

ये (ye) - who (who (nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

विशोकाः (viśokāḥ) - free from sorrow (sorrowless, free from grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśoka

viśoka - sorrowless, free from grief

Compound of prefix 'vi-' (without) and 'śoka' (sorrow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+śoka)

• vi – apart, without
  prefix
• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

स (sa) - He (referring to a devotee, e.g., Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तन्निष्ठः (tanniṣṭhaḥ) - devoted to that (divine being) (devoted to that, steadfast in that)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanniṣṭha

tanniṣṭha - devoted to that, steadfast in that

Compound of 'tad' (that, in locative sense 'in that') and 'niṣṭha' (devoted, steadfast)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+niṣṭha)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• niṣṭha – standing, steadfast, devoted
  adjective
  From 'ni-' (prefix) and root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sthā (class 1)

तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual practice (tapas) (by austerity, by spiritual practice)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual practice, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the praiseworthy natural law (dharma) ((dharma), natural law, constitution, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ईड्यम् (īḍyam) - praiseworthy, adorable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of īḍya

īḍya - praiseworthy, adorable, venerable

Gerundive

From root 'īḍ' (to praise), formed with suffix '-ya'

Root: īḍ (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (his) (that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Acts as an adjective or possessive for 'bhaktyā', meaning 'his devotion'.

भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - through his devotion (bhakti) (by devotion, through (bhakti))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhakti

bhakti - devotion, worship, attachment

From root 'bhaj' (to divide, share, participate, worship)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

वै (vai) - truly, indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

विश्वरूपम् (viśvarūpam) - the universal form (viśvarūpa) (universal form, all-form)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśvarūpa

viśvarūpa - universal form, all-form, omnipresent

Compound of 'viśva' (all, universal) and 'rūpa' (form)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viśva+rūpa)

• viśva – all, universal, entire
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 1)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he beheld (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, third person singular, active voice, formed by reduplication.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen Him (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā', indicating an action completed before the main verb

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Him (the God of gods) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, this one, him

वाङ्मनोबुद्धिगेहैः (vāṅmanobuddhigehaiḥ) - with his entire being – his speech, mind, intellect, and body (with speech, mind, intellect, and body)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāṅmanobuddhigeha

vāṅmanobuddhigeha - speech, mind, intellect, and body

Compound of 'vāc' (speech), 'manas' (mind), 'buddhi' (intellect), and 'deha' (body). This is a dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (vāc+manas+buddhi+deha)

• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'budh' (to know, perceive)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• deha – body, form
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 2)

संहृष्टात्मा (saṁhṛṣṭātmā) - with a greatly delighted inner self (ātman) (whose self is greatly delighted, with a delighted self)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃhṛṣṭātman

saṁhṛṣṭātman - whose self is greatly delighted

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one whose ātman is saṃhṛṣṭa (greatly delighted)'. The stem is saṃhṛṣṭātman.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃhṛṣṭa+ātman)

• saṃhṛṣṭa – greatly delighted, joyful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'hṛṣ' with prefix 'sam-'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

मुमुदे (mumude) - he rejoiced (he rejoiced, he delighted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of mud

Perfect Middle

Perfect tense, third person singular, middle voice, formed by reduplication.

Root: mud (class 1)

देवदेवम् (devadevam) - the God of gods (the God of gods, the supreme deity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devadeva

devadeva - God of gods, lord of gods

Tatpuruṣa compound (devānām devaḥ), meaning 'god of gods' or 'chief of gods'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+deva)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 1)
• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 1)