महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तत्प्रभग्नं बलं दृष्ट्वा कुन्तीपुत्रो धनंजयः ।
न्यवारयदमेयात्मा द्रोणपुत्रवधेप्सया ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tatprabhagnaṁ balaṁ dṛṣṭvā kuntīputro dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
nyavārayadameyātmā droṇaputravadhepsayā.

1. sañjaya uvāca tat prabhagnam balam dṛṣṭvā kuntīputraḥ
dhanañjayaḥ nyavārayat ameyātmā droṇaputravadhepsayā

1. sañjaya uvāca kuntīputraḥ ameyātmā dhanañjayaḥ tat
prabhagnam balam dṛṣṭvā droṇaputravadhepsayā nyavārayat

1. Sanjaya said: Seeing that shattered army, the immeasurable-souled Dhananjaya, son of Kunti, held back, driven by the desire to kill Drona's son.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तत् (tat) - that

• प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - shattered, broken, routed

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kunti)

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

• न्यवारयत् (nyavārayat) - prevented, held back, stopped

• अमेयात्मा (ameyātmā) - Arjuna (referring to his greatness) (whose self (ātman) is immeasurable, immeasurable-souled)

• द्रोणपुत्रवधेप्सया (droṇaputravadhepsayā) - with the intention to kill Ashvatthama (with the desire to kill Drona's son)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect Active

From √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - shattered, broken, routed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prabhagna

prabhagna - shattered, broken, routed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√bhañj (to break, shatter)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - army, force, strength, power

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √dṛś (class 1, 6)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kunti

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kunti (mother of Arjuna)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth, an epithet of Arjuna

Compound of dhana (wealth) and √ji (to conquer) with suffix.

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – conqueror, victory
  noun (masculine)
  From √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Epithet of Arjuna.

न्यवारयत् (nyavārayat) - prevented, held back, stopped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ni-ava-√vṛ

Imperfect Active

From ni-ava-√vṛ (class 10 causative)

Prefixes: ni+ava

Root: vṛ (class 10)

Note: The initial 'n' is from 'ni-' prefix, which often causes 'i' to become 'y' before a vowel.

अमेयात्मा (ameyātmā) - Arjuna (referring to his greatness) (whose self (ātman) is immeasurable, immeasurable-souled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ameyātman

ameyātman - whose self is immeasurable, great-souled, immeasurable-souled, noble-minded

From a-meya (immeasurable) and ātman (self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ameyā+ātman)

• ameyā – immeasurable, unlimited
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Negative prefix 'a' + 'meya' (measurable), from √mā (to measure)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Arjuna.

द्रोणपुत्रवधेप्सया (droṇaputravadhepsayā) - with the intention to kill Ashvatthama (with the desire to kill Drona's son)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of droṇaputravadhepsā

droṇaputravadhepsā - desire for the killing of Drona's son

Compound ending in īpsā (desire), from īpsu (desiring) + suffix ā.

Compound type : tatpurusha (droṇaputra+vadha+īpsā)

• droṇa – Drona (a revered teacher and warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• vadha – killing, slaughter
  noun (masculine)
  From √vadh (to kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)
• īpsā – desire, wish
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative stem of √āp + suffix ā
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Indicates the reason or means.