महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-41

चिन्तयित्वा तु राजेन्द्र ध्यानशोकपरायणः ।
निःश्वसन्दीर्घमुष्णं च विमनाश्चाभवत्तदा ॥४१॥

41. cintayitvā tu rājendra dhyānaśokaparāyaṇaḥ ,
niḥśvasandīrghamuṣṇaṁ ca vimanāścābhavattadā.

41. cintayitvā tu rājendra dhyānaśokaparāyaṇaḥ
niḥśvasan dīrgham uṣṇam ca vimanāḥ ca abhavat tadā

41. rājendra tu,
cintayitvā,
dhyānaśokaparāyaṇaḥ,
dīrgham uṣṇam ca niḥśvasan,
tadā vimanāḥ ca abhavat.

41. O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), after having pondered, and being deeply immersed in contemplation (dhyāna) and sorrow, he then became dejected, sighing long and hot breaths.

Words meanings summery:

• चिन्तयित्वा (cintayitvā) - having thought, having pondered

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, and

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King, O best of kings)

• ध्यानशोकपरायणः (dhyānaśokaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to contemplation and sorrow, immersed in contemplation and sorrow

• निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, deep

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, warm

• च (ca) - and, also

• विमनाः (vimanāḥ) - dejected, dispirited, disturbed in mind

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

चिन्तयित्वा (cintayitvā) - having thought, having pondered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `cit` with suffix `tvā` and causative/denominative formation.

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Action completed before the main verb.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, and

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, supreme ruler

Compound of rājan (king) + indra (chief/lord, here used as best of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

ध्यानशोकपरायणः (dhyānaśokaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to contemplation and sorrow, immersed in contemplation and sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhyānaśokaparāyaṇa

dhyānaśokaparāyaṇa - devoted to contemplation (dhyāna) and sorrow (śoka), intent on these

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhyāna+śoka+parāyaṇa)

• dhyāna – contemplation, meditation
  noun (neuter)
  From root dhyai (to think, meditate) with suffix -ana.
  Root: dhyai (class 1)
• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve) with suffix -a.
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – having as final goal, devoted to, intent on, immersed in
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from para (other, supreme) + ayana (going, course).

निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasat

niḥśvasat - sighing, breathing out

Present active participle

From root `śvas` (to breathe) with upasarga `nis` and suffix `śatṛ`.

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Refers to the subject.

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, deep

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, extended, deep

Note: Adverbial accusative.

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, warm

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, passionate

From root `uṣ` (to burn) with suffix `na`.

Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विमनाः (vimanāḥ) - dejected, dispirited, disturbed in mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimanā

vimanā - having a disturbed mind, dejected, sad

From `vi` (away, apart) + `manas` (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+manas)

• vi – away, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  From root man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'dejected' with 'became'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect third person singular

`a-` (augment) + `bhav` (strengthened root) + `at` (ending for 3rd sing imperfect).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that) with suffix `dā`.