महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-3

एक एव तु बीभत्सुः सोमकावयवैः सह ।
मत्स्यैरन्यैश्च संधाय कौरवैः संन्यवर्तत ॥३॥

3. eka eva tu bībhatsuḥ somakāvayavaiḥ saha ,
matsyairanyaiśca saṁdhāya kauravaiḥ saṁnyavartata.

3. ekaḥ eva tu bībhatsuḥ somakāvayavaiḥ saha matsyaiḥ
anyaiḥ ca saṃdhāya kauravaiḥ saṃnyavartata

3. tu ekaḥ eva bībhatsuḥ somakāvayavaiḥ saha matsyaiḥ
anyaiḥ ca saṃdhāya kauravaiḥ saṃnyavartata

3. But Bibhatsu (Arjuna) alone, together with the Somakas and having allied with the Matsyas and others, confronted the Kauravas.

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (who abhors wicked deeds or is terrible to foes) (disgusted, terrible, abhorrent)

• सोमकावयवैः (somakāvayavaiḥ) - with the warriors of the Somaka tribe (with the parts of the Somakas, with the Somaka allies)

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by the Matsyas, with the Matsyas

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, with others

• च (ca) - and

• संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having united, having allied, having joined

• कौरवैः (kauravaiḥ) - by the Kauravas, with the Kauravas

• संन्यवर्तत (saṁnyavartata) - turned against, confronted, returned

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single, sole

Note: Agrees with 'bībhatsuḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle, often implying contrast or emphasis.

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (who abhors wicked deeds or is terrible to foes) (disgusted, terrible, abhorrent)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - disgusting, terrible, abhorrent; an epithet of Arjuna (one who abhors evil acts, or who is terrible to his enemies)

Desiderative form from √badh (to oppress) or √bhī (to fear)

From desiderative stem of √badh (to oppress, to vex) or √bhī (to fear), meaning 'wishing to avoid' or 'causing disgust'.

Root: badh/bhī (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'saṃnyavartata'.

सोमकावयवैः (somakāvayavaiḥ) - with the warriors of the Somaka tribe (with the parts of the Somakas, with the Somaka allies)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of somakāvayava

somakāvayava - parts of the Somakas, components of the Somakas, allies from the Somaka tribe

Compound 'somaka' (name of a tribe/people) + 'avayava' (part, limb, component). Here it means 'with the (other) Somakas' or 'with his Somaka contingent'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (somaka+avayava)

• somaka – Somaka (name of a king or tribe)
  proper noun (masculine)
• avayava – part, limb, component, constituent
  noun (masculine)
  From ava-√yu (to join, combine)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: yu (class 2)

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by the Matsyas, with the Matsyas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - Matsya (name of a tribe/people or their king), fish

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, with others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'matsyaiḥ' and 'anyaiḥ'.

संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having united, having allied, having joined

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From sam-√dhā (class 3) with suffix -ya after prefix.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

कौरवैः (kauravaiḥ) - by the Kauravas, with the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - belonging to the Kuru family, descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

From 'kuru' + 'a' suffix.

Note: Indicates the group against whom the action is directed.

संन्यवर्तत (saṁnyavartata) - turned against, confronted, returned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ni-ava-√vṛt

Imperfect Middle

From sam-ni-ava-√vṛt (class 1, Atmanepada)

Prefixes: sam+ni+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)